monosynaptic

简明释义

英[/ˌmɒnoʊsɪˈnæptɪk/]美[/ˌmɒnoʊsɪˈnæptɪk/]

adj. 单突触的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Their responses to electrical stimulation, of receptive fields were characterized by monosynaptic linleage, low threshold and fastness in condition velocity.

对电刺激其感受野的反应具有单突触性、低阈值和传导快等特征；

2.Their responses to electrical stimulation, of receptive fields were characterized by monosynaptic linleage, low threshold and fastness in condition velocity.

对电刺激其感受野的反应具有单突触性、低阈值和传导快等特征；

3.Their responses to electrical stimulation of receptive fields were characterized by monosynaptic lineage.

他们对感受野的电刺激的反应以单突触谱系为特征。

4.The reflex arc is often described as a monosynaptic 单突触的 connection between sensory and motor neurons.

反射弧通常被描述为感觉神经元和运动神经元之间的monosynaptic 单突触的 连接。

5.In certain animals, the knee-jerk reflex is a classic example of a monosynaptic 单突触的 response.

在某些动物中，膝跳反射是一个经典的monosynaptic 单突触的 反应的例子。

6.Research indicates that monosynaptic 单突触的 pathways are crucial for quick reflex actions.

研究表明，monosynaptic 单突触的 通路对于快速反射动作至关重要。

7.The spinal cord contains many monosynaptic 单突触的 connections that facilitate rapid motor responses.

脊髓包含许多monosynaptic 单突触的 连接，以促进快速的运动反应。

8.A monosynaptic 单突触的 reflex involves only one synapse between the sensory and motor neurons.

一个monosynaptic 单突触的 反射仅涉及感觉神经元和运动神经元之间的一个突触。

作文

The human nervous system is a complex network that facilitates communication between different parts of the body. One of the fundamental components of this system is the reflex arc, which allows for rapid responses to stimuli. Within this reflex arc, there are various types of synaptic connections. One particularly interesting type is known as monosynaptic, which refers to a direct connection between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron. This means that the signal travels across only one synapse, making it one of the fastest neural pathways in the body. To understand the significance of monosynaptic connections, we can consider the classic example of the knee-jerk reflex, also known as the patellar reflex. When a doctor taps the patellar tendon just below the kneecap, it stretches the associated muscle. This stretch is detected by sensory neurons that send signals directly to the spinal cord. In a monosynaptic reflex, these sensory neurons synapse directly with motor neurons that innervate the quadriceps muscle, causing it to contract and resulting in the leg kicking out. This direct pathway is crucial for quick reactions, as it minimizes the time taken for the brain to process the information. In contrast, polysynaptic reflexes involve one or more interneurons between the sensory and motor neurons, which can slow down the response. Thus, monosynaptic reflexes are vital for survival, allowing organisms to respond swiftly to harmful stimuli. Moreover, monosynaptic connections are not only limited to reflex actions; they also play a role in learning and memory. Research has shown that strengthening these synapses can enhance the efficiency of communication between neurons, thereby improving learning outcomes. The study of monosynaptic pathways provides valuable insights into how our nervous system operates and adapts over time. In addition to their physiological importance, monosynaptic connections have implications in various fields, including medicine and neuroscience. For instance, understanding these connections can help in developing treatments for neurological disorders that affect reflexes and motor control. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can disrupt normal monosynaptic function, leading to impaired movement and coordination. Furthermore, advancements in neurotechnology are allowing scientists to explore monosynaptic connections at unprecedented levels. Techniques like optogenetics enable researchers to manipulate specific neurons and observe the effects on behavior and reflexes. This research is paving the way for innovative therapies that could restore function in patients with nervous system injuries or diseases. In conclusion, monosynaptic connections are a fundamental aspect of the nervous system that facilitate rapid responses and play a significant role in both reflex actions and higher cognitive functions. Their simplicity and efficiency highlight the elegance of neural communication. As we continue to unravel the complexities of the brain and its connections, the study of monosynaptic pathways will remain a crucial area of focus in neuroscience, offering potential solutions for various neurological challenges.

人类神经系统是一个复杂的网络，促进身体不同部分之间的沟通。这个系统的基本组成部分之一是反射弧，它允许对刺激作出快速反应。在这个反射弧中，有各种类型的突触连接。其中一个特别有趣的类型被称为单突触，它指的是感觉神经元和运动神经元之间的直接连接。这意味着信号只跨越一个突触，使其成为体内最快的神经通路之一。 为了理解单突触连接的重要性，我们可以考虑经典的膝反射，也称为髌腱反射。当医生轻轻敲击膝盖下方的髌腱时，它会拉伸相关的肌肉。这种拉伸被感觉神经元检测到，向脊髓发送信号。在单突触反射中，这些感觉神经元直接与支配股四头肌的运动神经元突触，导致其收缩，从而使腿踢出。 这种直接通路对于快速反应至关重要，因为它最小化了大脑处理信息所需的时间。相反，多突触反射涉及一个或多个介导神经元在感觉神经元和运动神经元之间，这可能会减慢反应。因此，单突触反射对生存至关重要，使生物能够迅速对有害刺激作出反应。 此外，单突触连接不仅限于反射动作；它们也在学习和记忆中发挥作用。研究表明，加强这些突触可以提高神经元之间沟通的效率，从而改善学习成果。对单突触通路的研究提供了宝贵的见解，帮助我们理解神经系统如何运作和随时间适应。 除了生理重要性，单突触连接在医学和神经科学等各个领域也有影响。例如，了解这些连接可以帮助开发针对影响反射和运动控制的神经系统疾病的治疗方法。像多发性硬化症或肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）这样的疾病可能会破坏正常的单突触功能，导致运动和协调能力受损。 此外，神经技术的进步使科学家能够以前所未有的水平探索单突触连接。像光遗传学这样的技术使研究人员能够操控特定神经元并观察对行为和反射的影响。这项研究为创新疗法铺平了道路，可能恢复神经系统受伤或疾病患者的功能。 总之，单突触连接是神经系统的一个基本方面，促进快速反应，并在反射动作和更高认知功能中发挥重要作用。它们的简单性和有效性突显了神经通信的优雅。随着我们继续解开大脑及其连接的复杂性，对单突触通路的研究将仍然是神经科学的一个关键关注领域，为各种神经挑战提供潜在解决方案。