myelinated

简明释义

英[ˈmaɪɪlɪˌneɪtɪd]美[ˈmaɪələˌneɪtɪd]

adj. 有髓鞘的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.A simulation system for studying the electrical properties of mammalian myelinated nerve fibers was built based on a simple infinite and homogeneous volume conductor model.

为研究哺乳动物有髓神经纤维的电特性，建立了一个基于简单的无穷大、各向同性的容积导体模型的仿真系统。

2.In particular, they're not fully myelinated in their frontal lobes.

特别是他们额叶的髓鞘并未完全发育。

3.The sciatic nerve function index(SFI), the motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV) and total myelinated axons per sight were counted on 2 and 4 weeks after the surgery.

术后2周及4周，观察坐骨神经功能指数、运动神经传导速度及单位视野有髓神经纤维计数。

4.Growth cones and myelinated fibers can be seen in neuropil.

神经毡中可见到生长锥和有髓纤维。

5.Results it was found that nerve conduction velocity, regenerated myelinated nerve fiber cross section area and number of nerve fiber were superior to those of the contrast.

结果实验组神经传导速度、再生的有髓神经纤维横截面积、数目均优于对照组。

6.Semithin transverse sections of sural nerve showed a decreased density of large myelinating fibers and a large number of clusters of mostly thinly myelinated axons.

腓肠神经半薄切片未见明显洋葱球样结构形成，可见有髓纤维密度明显减少，大量薄髓鞘有髓神经纤维和有髓神经纤维再生簇形成。

7.The microstructure of the oriens layer of the CA3 region of the hippocampus in the control animal was composed of lots of unmyelinated fibers and less myelinated fibers under electron microscopy.

对照大鼠海马CA3区多形层内含有大量无髓纤维并见到较少的轴-树突触。

8.The speed of nerve impulse conduction is significantly higher in myelinated 髓鞘化的 fibers compared to unmyelinated fibers.

与无髓鞘纤维相比，髓鞘化的 myelinated 纤维的神经冲动传导速度显著更高。

9.Damage to myelinated 髓鞘化的 nerves can lead to serious neurological disorders.

对 髓鞘化的 myelinated 神经的损伤可能导致严重的神经系统疾病。

10.The presence of myelinated 髓鞘化的 axons allows for faster signal transmission in the brain.

在大脑中，髓鞘化的 myelinated 轴突的存在使信号传输更快。

11.Research shows that myelinated 髓鞘化的 fibers are more resilient to injury.

研究表明，髓鞘化的 myelinated 纤维对损伤更具韧性。

12.In multiple sclerosis, the immune system attacks the myelinated 髓鞘化的 sheaths surrounding nerves.

在多发性硬化症中，免疫系统攻击包围神经的 髓鞘化的 myelinated 鞘。

作文

The human nervous system is a complex network that plays a crucial role in controlling our bodily functions and processing information. A significant aspect of this system is the presence of neurons, which are specialized cells responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body. One of the key features that enhance the efficiency of signal transmission in neurons is the presence of a fatty substance known as myelin. Neurons can be classified based on whether they are myelinated or unmyelinated. 髓鞘化的 neurons have a protective covering made of myelin that surrounds their axons, allowing electrical impulses to travel faster and more efficiently. This is particularly important in maintaining rapid communication between different parts of the body. Myelination occurs during the development of the nervous system, primarily during childhood. The process involves the wrapping of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system or Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system around the axons of neurons. This wrapping creates segments of myelin, which are separated by small gaps known as nodes of Ranvier. These nodes play a vital role in the conduction of nerve impulses, as they allow the electrical signal to jump from one node to another, significantly speeding up the transmission process. In contrast, unmyelinated neurons transmit signals more slowly, as the impulse must travel along the entire length of the axon without interruption. The importance of myelinated fibers is evident in various physiological processes. For instance, in reflex actions, where rapid responses are necessary, the presence of 髓鞘化的 neurons ensures that the signals are transmitted quickly to and from the spinal cord. This quick reflex action is essential for survival, as it allows individuals to react promptly to potentially harmful stimuli. Moreover, the presence of myelin not only increases the speed of transmission but also contributes to the overall health of the nervous system. Myelinated nerves are less susceptible to damage and degeneration compared to their unmyelinated counterparts. Conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) illustrate the consequences of myelin damage, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath, leading to disrupted communication between the brain and the body. This results in a range of symptoms, including muscle weakness, coordination problems, and sensory disturbances, highlighting the critical role that myelinated fibers play in maintaining healthy neurological function. Research into the mechanisms of myelination and its effects on neuronal function continues to be a vibrant field of study. Scientists are exploring ways to promote remyelination in conditions where myelin is damaged, with the hope of restoring normal function and improving the quality of life for those affected by demyelinating diseases. Advances in stem cell therapy and regenerative medicine hold promise for developing treatments that could enhance the repair of myelinated fibers. In conclusion, the distinction between myelinated and unmyelinated neurons is fundamental to understanding how the nervous system functions. The presence of myelin not only facilitates faster signal transmission but also protects the integrity of neuronal pathways. As research progresses, the potential for therapeutic interventions aimed at enhancing myelination could lead to significant breakthroughs in treating neurological disorders. Understanding the role of myelinated neurons is essential for both scientific inquiry and clinical practice, underscoring the intricate relationship between structure and function in the nervous system.

人类神经系统是一个复杂的网络，在控制我们身体功能和处理信息方面发挥着至关重要的作用。这个系统的一个重要方面是神经元的存在，神经元是负责在全身传递信号的专业细胞。增强神经元信号传输效率的一个关键特征是存在一种称为髓鞘的脂肪物质。神经元可以根据它们是否被包裹在髓鞘中进行分类，分为髓鞘化的和非髓鞘化的。髓鞘化的神经元有一层由髓鞘组成的保护膜，包围着它们的轴突，使电信号能够更快、更有效地传播。这在维持身体不同部分之间的快速通信中尤为重要。 髓鞘形成发生在神经系统发育过程中，主要是在儿童时期。这个过程涉及到中枢神经系统中的少突胶质细胞或外周神经系统中的施旺细胞围绕神经元的轴突缠绕。这个缠绕形成了髓鞘的片段，这些片段之间有小间隙，称为兰氏结。这些节点在神经冲动的传导中发挥着至关重要的作用，因为它们允许电信号从一个节点跳跃到另一个节点，从而显著加快传输过程。相比之下，非髓鞘化的神经元以较慢的速度传递信号，因为冲动必须沿着轴突的整个长度不间断地传播。 髓鞘化的神经纤维的重要性在各种生理过程中显而易见。例如，在反射动作中，当需要快速反应时，髓鞘化的神经元的存在确保信号能够迅速传递到脊髓并返回。这种快速的反射动作对生存至关重要，因为它使个体能够及时对潜在的有害刺激做出反应。 此外，髓鞘的存在不仅提高了传输速度，还对神经系统的整体健康作出了贡献。与非髓鞘化的神经元相比，髓鞘化的神经元更不容易受到损伤和退化。多发性硬化症（MS）等疾病说明了髓鞘损伤的后果，在这种情况下，免疫系统错误地攻击髓鞘，导致大脑与身体之间的通信中断。这会导致一系列症状，包括肌肉无力、协调问题和感觉障碍，突显了髓鞘化的神经纤维在维持健康神经功能方面所发挥的关键作用。 对髓鞘形成机制及其对神经元功能影响的研究仍然是一个充满活力的研究领域。科学家们正在探索促进髓鞘再生的方法，以便在髓鞘受损的情况下恢复正常功能，提高受影响者的生活质量。干细胞疗法和再生医学的进展为开发能够增强髓鞘化的纤维修复的治疗方法带来了希望。 总之，髓鞘化的和非髓鞘化神经元之间的区别对于理解神经系统的功能至关重要。髓鞘的存在不仅促进了更快的信号传输，还保护了神经通路的完整性。随着研究的进展，旨在增强髓鞘化的治疗干预措施的潜力可能会导致神经系统疾病治疗的重大突破。理解髓鞘化的神经元的作用对于科学研究和临床实践都是必不可少的，强调了神经系统中结构与功能之间的复杂关系。