necessitarian

简明释义

英[nɪˌsesɪˈteərɪən]美[nəsesɪˈteərɪən]

adj. 必然论的；宿命论的

n. 必然论者；宿命论者

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.In his philosophical writings, he identifies himself as a necessitarian 必然主义者, arguing that all events are determined by preceding causes.

在他的哲学著作中，他自称为一个necessitarian 必然主义者，认为所有事件都是由先前的原因决定的。

2.The debate between free will and determinism often involves necessitarian 必然主义者 challenging the notion of personal agency.

自由意志与决定论之间的辩论常常涉及到necessitarian 必然主义者对个人行为能力概念的挑战。

3.As a necessitarian 必然主义者, she believes that every choice we make is influenced by our environment and past experiences.

作为一个necessitarian 必然主义者，她认为我们所做的每一个选择都受到环境和过去经历的影响。

4.His necessitarian 必然主义者 viewpoint leads him to reject the idea of random chance in the universe.

他的necessitarian 必然主义者观点使他拒绝了宇宙中随机偶然的想法。

5.Many necessitarian 必然主义者 argue that understanding causality is essential for making moral judgments.

许多necessitarian 必然主义者认为理解因果关系对于做出道德判断至关重要。

作文

In the realm of philosophy, the concept of determinism has long intrigued thinkers and scholars alike. Among the various branches of determinism, the idea of being a necessitarian is particularly fascinating. A necessitarian is someone who believes that every event or state of affairs, including human actions, is the outcome of preceding events in accordance with the natural laws. This notion raises profound questions about free will, moral responsibility, and the nature of existence itself. To better understand the implications of being a necessitarian, we must first explore the philosophical underpinnings of this belief. At its core, necessitarianism posits that everything in the universe operates according to a predetermined framework. This perspective suggests that if we had complete knowledge of the initial conditions of the universe and the laws governing it, we could predict every future event with absolute certainty. This deterministic outlook challenges the conventional understanding of free will, as it implies that our choices are not truly our own, but rather the inevitable result of prior causes. Consider the implications of necessitarian thought in the context of moral responsibility. If our actions are predetermined, can we truly hold individuals accountable for their choices? For instance, if a person commits a crime, a necessitarian might argue that the individual was simply acting in accordance with the chain of events that led to that moment. This line of reasoning can lead to uncomfortable conclusions about justice and punishment, as it raises the question of whether it is fair to penalize someone for actions that were never truly within their control. Moreover, the necessitarian viewpoint invites us to reflect on the nature of human existence. If we are mere products of a deterministic universe, what does that mean for our aspirations, dreams, and desires? Are we simply puppets dancing to the strings of fate, or do we possess an intrinsic value that transcends our circumstances? This existential inquiry challenges us to reconsider our place in the world and the significance of our experiences. In contrast to necessitarianism, many philosophers advocate for the existence of free will, suggesting that while certain aspects of our lives may be influenced by external factors, we still have the capacity to make independent choices. This debate between determinism and free will is not merely academic; it has real-world implications for how we perceive ourselves and others. If we embrace a necessitarian perspective, we may adopt a more fatalistic attitude towards life, believing that our efforts are futile in the face of a predetermined destiny. Conversely, if we champion free will, we may feel empowered to take control of our lives and shape our futures. Ultimately, the discussion surrounding necessitarianism prompts us to grapple with fundamental questions about existence, morality, and the human condition. It challenges us to consider the extent to which we are shaped by our environment and experiences versus the degree to which we can exercise autonomy over our choices. As we navigate the complexities of life, the tension between being a necessitarian and believing in free will continues to provoke thought and inspire dialogue among philosophers, scientists, and individuals alike. In conclusion, the exploration of necessitarian thought offers valuable insights into our understanding of reality and the intricate web of causation that governs our lives.

在哲学领域，决定论的概念一直吸引着思想家和学者们。在决定论的各个分支中，成为一个必然论者的想法尤其迷人。必然论者是指相信每一个事件或状态，包括人类行为，都是根据自然法则与先前事件的结果。这一观点引发了关于自由意志、道德责任以及存在本质的深刻问题。 要更好地理解作为一个必然论者的含义，我们首先必须探讨这一信念的哲学基础。在其核心，必然论认为宇宙中的一切都在一个预定的框架内运作。这种观点暗示，如果我们对宇宙的初始条件和支配它的法则拥有完全的知识，我们就能够以绝对的确定性预测每一个未来事件。这种决定论的视角挑战了对自由意志的传统理解，因为它暗示我们的选择并不是真正属于我们的，而是先前原因的必然结果。 考虑一下在道德责任背景下的必然论者思维的含义。如果我们的行为是预定的，我们真的可以对个人的选择负责吗？例如，如果一个人犯罪，一个必然论者可能会认为这个个体只是按照导致那一刻的事件链行事。这种推理可能导致关于正义和惩罚的不舒服结论，因为这引发了一个问题：惩罚某人是否公平，因为他们的行为从未真正在他们的控制之中。 此外，必然论者的观点促使我们反思人类存在的本质。如果我们只是一个决定论宇宙的产物，那么这对我们的抱负、梦想和欲望意味着什么？我们是命运的木偶，还是拥有超越环境的内在价值？这种存在主义的探询挑战我们重新考虑在世界中的位置以及经历的意义。 与必然论相对的许多哲学家主张自由意志的存在，认为虽然我们生活的某些方面可能受到外部因素的影响，但我们仍然有能力做出独立的选择。决定论与自由意志之间的辩论不仅仅是学术性的；它对我们如何看待自己和他人有着现实的影响。如果我们接受必然论者的观点，我们可能会对生活采取更宿命论的态度，认为我们的努力在既定命运面前是徒劳的。相反，如果我们倡导自由意志，我们可能会感到有能力掌控自己的生活并塑造自己的未来。 最终，围绕必然论的讨论促使我们与存在、道德和人类状况等基本问题进行斗争。它挑战我们考虑在多大程度上我们被环境和经历所塑造，以及我们能够在多大程度上对自己的选择行使自主权。当我们在生活的复杂性中导航时，作为一个必然论者与相信自由意志之间的紧张关系继续激发哲学家、科学家和个人之间的思考和对话。总之，探索必然论者的思想为我们理解现实以及支配我们生活的因果复杂网络提供了宝贵的见解。