neomycin

简明释义

英[ˌniːəʊˈmaɪsɪn]美[ˌniːəˈmaɪsɪn;ˌnioʊˈmaɪsɪn]

n. [药] 新霉素；新链丝菌素

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Neomycin is one of the aminoglycoside antibiotics, and on the cellular level it inhibits phospholipase c.

新霉素是一种氨基甙类抗生素，在细胞水平可以抑制磷脂酶c介导的信号转导系统。

2.In this paper we approach the compatibility of carboxymethylcellulose sodium and. neomycin sulfate or gentamycin sulfate or chlorhexidine acetate.

本文研究了羧甲基纤维素钠与硫酸新霉素，硫酸庆大霉素及醋酸洗必泰的配伍问题。

3.One of the most common treatments for cats is triple antibiotic ointment, which contains bacitracin, neomycin and polymixin and is often combined with hydrocortisone, a frequently used corticosteroid.

对猫最常见的治疗方法之一是三联抗生素软膏，其中包含杆菌肽，新霉素和多粘菌素，通常用氢化可的松，一种经常使用的皮质类固醇结合起来。

4.Has had a severe allergic reaction to the antibiotic neomycin.

对抗生素新霉素有严重过敏反应的。

5.The results of drug sensitivity test and therapeutic effect showed neomycin, ceftriaxon, amikacin, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin should be the chief drugs for treatment of these disease.

药敏试验结果表明，分离菌株对新霉素、菌必治、丁胺卡那、庆大霉素、环丙沙星高度敏感。

6.The reaction conditions were optimized and a new chemiluminescence method for the determination of neomycin with flow injection technique based on the post-chemiluminescence reaction was developed.

优化了反应条什，建立了一种利用后化学发光反应测定新霉素的流动注射化学发光方法。

7.The doctor prescribed neomycin 新霉素 to treat the bacterial infection.

医生开了新霉素来治疗细菌感染。

8.Before the surgery, the patient was given a dose of neomycin 新霉素 to prevent infection.

在手术前，病人接受了一剂新霉素以防止感染。

9.Some topical ointments contain neomycin 新霉素 for treating minor cuts and scrapes.

一些外用药膏含有新霉素用于治疗小伤口和擦伤。

10.Patients allergic to neomycin 新霉素 should inform their healthcare provider before treatment.

对新霉素过敏的患者应在治疗前告知医疗服务提供者。

11.The veterinarian used neomycin 新霉素 to treat the infected wound on the dog.

兽医使用新霉素治疗狗身上的感染伤口。

作文

Neomycin is an antibiotic that belongs to the class of aminoglycosides. It is primarily used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, particularly those affecting the skin, eyes, and intestines. The discovery of neomycin has greatly impacted the field of medicine, providing healthcare professionals with a powerful tool to combat resistant strains of bacteria. This essay aims to explore the uses, mechanisms, and implications of neomycin in modern medicine. The mechanism of action of neomycin involves binding to the bacterial ribosome, which inhibits protein synthesis. By interfering with the translation process, neomycin effectively halts bacterial growth and replication. This makes it particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria, which are often responsible for severe infections. However, it is important to note that neomycin is not effective against all types of bacteria, and its use should be carefully considered based on the specific infection being treated. One of the most common applications of neomycin is in the treatment of skin infections. Topical formulations containing neomycin are frequently used to manage conditions such as impetigo and infected cuts or burns. These topical treatments allow for direct application to the affected area, minimizing systemic absorption and reducing the risk of side effects. However, prolonged use of topical neomycin can lead to skin sensitization and allergic reactions, which must be monitored by healthcare providers. In addition to its topical applications, neomycin is also used in oral formulations to treat intestinal infections. It is particularly useful in preparing patients for bowel surgery by reducing the number of bacteria in the intestines. This is crucial for preventing postoperative infections. The effectiveness of oral neomycin in this context highlights its importance in surgical procedures and patient care. Despite its effectiveness, the use of neomycin is not without risks. One significant concern is its potential nephrotoxicity, which can lead to kidney damage, especially in patients with preexisting renal conditions. Careful monitoring of kidney function is essential when administering neomycin, particularly in high doses or for extended periods. Additionally, there is a risk of ototoxicity, which can result in hearing loss. Therefore, healthcare professionals must weigh the benefits of using neomycin against the potential risks before prescribing it to patients. The emergence of antibiotic resistance poses another challenge for the use of neomycin. Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of resistant bacterial strains, making it increasingly difficult to treat infections effectively. As a result, ongoing research is essential to understand the mechanisms of resistance and to develop strategies to preserve the efficacy of neomycin and other antibiotics. In conclusion, neomycin is a valuable antibiotic with a wide range of applications in treating bacterial infections. Its unique mechanism of action, effectiveness against certain bacteria, and role in surgical preparations underscore its importance in modern medicine. However, the potential risks associated with its use, including nephrotoxicity and the threat of antibiotic resistance, necessitate careful consideration by healthcare providers. As we continue to navigate the complexities of antibiotic therapy, understanding the role of neomycin will remain crucial in ensuring effective patient care and combating bacterial infections.

新霉素是一种属于氨基糖苷类的抗生素。它主要用于治疗多种细菌感染，尤其是皮肤、眼睛和肠道的感染。新霉素的发现对医学领域产生了重大影响，为医疗专业人员提供了一种强有力的工具，以对抗耐药菌株。本文旨在探讨新霉素在现代医学中的用途、机制和影响。 新霉素的作用机制涉及与细菌核糖体结合，从而抑制蛋白质合成。通过干扰翻译过程，新霉素有效地阻止细菌的生长和复制。这使得它对革兰氏阴性菌特别有效，这些细菌通常是严重感染的罪魁祸首。然而，需要注意的是，新霉素并不对所有类型的细菌有效，其使用应根据具体感染进行仔细考虑。 新霉素最常见的应用之一是治疗皮肤感染。含有新霉素的外用制剂经常用于管理如脓疱病和感染性伤口或烧伤等病症。这些外用治疗允许直接涂抹在受影响区域，最小化全身吸收并减少副作用的风险。然而，长期使用外用新霉素可能导致皮肤敏感和过敏反应，这需要医疗提供者的监测。 除了外用应用外，新霉素还用于口服制剂以治疗肠道感染。在为患者进行肠道手术的准备中，它特别有用，因为可以减少肠道内的细菌数量。这对于预防术后感染至关重要。口服新霉素在这种情况下的有效性突显了它在外科手术和患者护理中的重要性。 尽管有效，但新霉素的使用并非没有风险。一个重要的担忧是其潜在的肾毒性，可能导致肾损伤，尤其是在已有肾脏疾病的患者中。当给予新霉素时，仔细监测肾功能是必需的，特别是在高剂量或长期使用的情况下。此外，还有耳毒性的风险，可能导致听力丧失。因此，医疗专业人员必须在开处方给患者之前权衡使用新霉素的益处与潜在风险。 抗生素耐药性的出现为新霉素的使用带来了另一个挑战。抗生素的过度使用和误用已导致耐药细菌株的发展，使得有效治疗感染变得越来越困难。因此，持续的研究对于理解耐药机制和制定保护新霉素及其他抗生素效力的策略至关重要。 总之，新霉素是一种具有广泛应用的宝贵抗生素，用于治疗细菌感染。其独特的作用机制、对某些细菌的有效性以及在手术准备中的作用强调了它在现代医学中的重要性。然而，与其使用相关的潜在风险，包括肾毒性和抗生素耐药的威胁，要求医疗提供者在开处方时进行仔细考虑。随着我们继续应对抗生素治疗的复杂性，理解新霉素的作用将继续在确保有效患者护理和抵御细菌感染中发挥关键作用。