nitrating

简明释义

英[naɪtreɪtɪŋ]美[naɪtreɪtɪŋ]

v. 硝化（nitrate 的现在分词）；用硝酸处理

adj. 硝化的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The types, technology and characteristics of the "green" nitration for preparing nitric esters using dinitrogen pentoxide as the nitrating agent were introduced.

前言： 简要介绍以五氧化二氮为硝化剂制备硝酸酯的“绿色”硝化反应的类型、工艺及特点。

2.The invention relates to a nitrating method of a valve metal powder, and a nitrogenous tantalum powder and a nitrogenous niobium powder which are obtained by the nitrating method.

本发明涉及阀金属粉末的掺氮方法，以及通过该方法获得的含氮钽粉和含氮铌粉。

3.The types, technology and characteristics of the "green" nitration for preparing nitric esters using dinitrogen pentoxide as the nitrating agent were introduced.

简要介绍以五氧化二氮为硝化剂制备硝酸酯的“绿色”硝化反应的类型、工艺及特点。

4.By the use of the new nitrating agent, the use of concentrated sulfuric acid was avoided and the reaction was environmental friendly with high atom economy.

该方法通过改变硝化剂，不仅成功地避免了浓硫酸的使用，而且提高了原子经济性，具有良好的环境效益。

5.Since the particle nitrogen content of the metal powder of the invention is equal, the leakage current and losses are low compared with previous nitrating method.

和以往掺氮方法相比，由于本发明金属粉末中粒子含氮量均匀，因而漏电流低，损耗低。

6.Factors influencing the product yield are discussed, such as nitrating agents, reductive agents, reaction temperature, reaction time, have been investigated.

考察了酰化反应温度、酰化反应时间、硝化剂种类、水解反应时间、还原剂种类、甲酸用量等因素对各步反应收率的影响。

7.The process of nitrating organic compounds is essential in the production of explosives.

有机化合物的硝化过程在炸药生产中至关重要。

8.In the lab, we are nitrating to create new pharmaceuticals.

在实验室里，我们正在进行硝化以创造新的药物。

9.The nitrating agent used in the reaction was concentrated nitric acid.

反应中使用的硝化剂是浓硝酸。

10.Safety precautions are necessary when nitrating due to the toxic gases released.

由于释放的有毒气体，在进行硝化时需要采取安全预防措施。

11.During the nitrating process, temperature control is critical.

在硝化过程中，温度控制至关重要。

作文

The process of nitrating is a crucial chemical reaction that involves the introduction of a nitro group into an organic compound. This reaction is significant in the field of organic chemistry, particularly in the synthesis of explosives, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. The nitro group, represented as -NO2, can dramatically alter the properties of the original compound, making nitrating an essential step in the development of various chemical products. In the industrial context, nitrating is often performed using concentrated nitric acid, sometimes in combination with sulfuric acid. This mixture acts as a powerful nitrating agent, facilitating the transfer of the nitro group to the target molecule. For example, when benzene is treated with this nitrating mixture, nitrobenzene is formed, which is a key intermediate in the production of many dyes and pharmaceuticals. The ability to control the conditions under which nitrating occurs allows chemists to influence the position of the nitro group on the aromatic ring, leading to different derivatives with unique properties. Moreover, nitrating is not limited to aromatic compounds. Aliphatic compounds can also undergo nitration, although the conditions may vary. For instance, aliphatic alcohols can be converted into nitroalcohols through a similar process. This versatility makes nitrating a valuable tool in synthetic organic chemistry. The importance of nitrating extends beyond just the synthesis of useful compounds. Understanding the mechanisms behind this reaction helps chemists predict how various compounds will behave under different conditions. This predictive capability is vital for developing new materials and drugs. For instance, by modifying the nitration conditions, researchers can create compounds with specific reactivity or stability, which can be critical in drug design. However, the nitrating process must be handled with care due to the potential hazards involved. Nitro compounds can be highly explosive, especially when they are in pure form or when they accumulate in large quantities. Therefore, safety protocols must be strictly followed in laboratories and industrial settings where nitrating is performed. Proper ventilation, protective equipment, and monitoring of chemical reactions are essential to ensure the safety of personnel and the environment. In conclusion, nitrating is a fundamental chemical process with far-reaching implications in various fields, including medicine, agriculture, and materials science. Its ability to modify organic compounds by introducing nitro groups makes it an indispensable technique in synthetic chemistry. As research continues to advance, the applications of nitrating are likely to expand, leading to the development of new and innovative products that can benefit society. Understanding this process not only enhances our knowledge of chemical reactions but also opens up new avenues for exploration in the chemical sciences.

硝化过程是一个重要的化学反应，涉及将硝基引入有机化合物中。这个反应在有机化学领域中尤为重要，特别是在炸药、药品和农用化学品的合成中。硝基（-NO2）可以显著改变原始化合物的性质，使得硝化成为开发各种化学产品的关键步骤。 在工业背景下，硝化通常使用浓硝酸，有时与硫酸结合。这种混合物作为强力的硝化剂，促进了硝基向目标分子的转移。例如，当苯与这种硝化混合物反应时，就会形成硝基苯，硝基苯是许多染料和药物生产中的关键中间体。通过控制硝化发生的条件，化学家可以影响硝基在芳香环上的位置，从而导致不同衍生物具有独特的性质。 此外，硝化不仅限于芳香化合物。脂肪族化合物也可以进行硝化，尽管条件可能有所不同。例如，脂肪醇可以通过类似的过程转化为硝基醇。这种多样性使得硝化在合成有机化学中成为一种有价值的工具。 硝化的重要性不仅在于合成有用的化合物。理解这一反应背后的机制帮助化学家预测各种化合物在不同条件下的行为。这种预测能力对于开发新材料和药物至关重要。例如，通过修改硝化条件，研究人员可以创造出具有特定反应性或稳定性的化合物，这在药物设计中可能是至关重要的。 然而，硝化过程必须谨慎处理，因为涉及的潜在危险。硝基化合物在纯形式或大量积累时可能高度爆炸。因此，在进行硝化的实验室和工业环境中，必须严格遵循安全规程。适当的通风、保护设备和对化学反应的监控对于确保人员和环境的安全至关重要。 总之，硝化是一个基本的化学过程，在医学、农业和材料科学等多个领域具有深远的影响。其通过引入硝基来改性有机化合物的能力使其成为合成化学中不可或缺的技术。随着研究的不断推进，硝化的应用可能会扩展，导致新型创新产品的开发，从而造福社会。理解这一过程不仅增强了我们对化学反应的认识，还为化学科学的探索开辟了新的途径。