nucleic

简明释义

英[njuːˈkleɪɪk]美[nuːˈkliːɪk;nuːˈkleɪɪk]

adj. 核的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Objective To study the effect and mechanism of early intervention by polysaccharide nucleic acid fraction of BCG (BCG PSN) for prevention of post bronchiolitis wheezing.

目的探讨卡介菌多糖核酸(BCGPSN)对毛细支气管炎患儿喘息反复发作的预防作用及机制。

2.All but three of the codons correspond to particular amino acids, and the order of the codons in the nucleic acid corresponds to the order of the amino acids in the protein.

所有三个基码同特定的氨基酸相吻合，而基码在核酸中的顺序，同氨基酸在蛋白质中的顺序一致。

3.The plant of claim 26 wherein the desired trait is male sterility and the trait is conferred by a cytoplasmic nucleic acid molecule that confers male sterility.

权利要求26的植株，其理想性状是雄性不育性，该性状是由可导致雄性不育性的细胞质核酸分子所产生。

4.Nucleic acids are the basic ingredient of all the biologic cells and they have an important function in life processes, such as growth, propagation, descendiblity and contabescence.

核酸是一切生物细胞的基本成分，它控制着生物体的生长、发育、繁殖、遗传及衰亡等生命现象。

5.Artificial nuclease is an important tool in molecular biology and genetic engineering, it is also used as a kind of nucleic acid structure and function probe.

人工核酸酶是分子生物学及基因工程的重要工具，它可以作为研究核酸结构和功能方面的探针。

6.These results suggest that dietary protein intake may influence nucleic acid metabolism of the kidney in diabetic rats.

提示蛋白质摄入量可以影响糖尿病大鼠肾组织内核酸的代谢，从而影响肾脏结构和功能。

7.The study focused on the role of nucleic 核酸 acids in genetic inheritance.

这项研究集中在核酸在遗传继承中的作用。

8.Researchers are exploring how nucleic 核酸 sequences can be used in gene therapy.

研究人员正在探索如何利用核酸序列进行基因治疗。

9.The laboratory specializes in nucleic 核酸 analysis for various diseases.

该实验室专门进行各种疾病的核酸分析。

10.PCR is a technique used to amplify nucleic 核酸 for further study.

PCR是一种用于扩增核酸以便进一步研究的技术。

11.DNA and RNA are the two main types of nucleic 核酸 found in living organisms.

DNA和RNA是生物体内发现的两种主要类型的核酸。

作文

Nucleic acids are fundamental molecules that play a crucial role in the biology of all living organisms. These macromolecules, which include DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information. The term nucleic refers to the nucleus, where these acids were first discovered. Understanding the structure and function of nucleic acids is essential for advancements in genetics, biotechnology, and medicine. The discovery of nucleic acids dates back to the mid-19th century when Friedrich Miescher first isolated DNA from white blood cells. He termed it 'nuclein,' highlighting its origin from the cell nucleus. Over the years, researchers have uncovered the double-helix structure of DNA, elucidated its role in heredity, and explored how RNA serves as a messenger between DNA and protein synthesis. The intricate relationship between these nucleic acids is vital for understanding biological processes such as replication, transcription, and translation. One of the most significant aspects of nucleic acids is their ability to encode genetic information. The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule determines the traits of an organism. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. There are four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine. The specific pairing of these bases (adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine) forms the rungs of the DNA ladder, allowing for precise replication during cell division. RNA, on the other hand, plays a different yet equally important role in the expression of genes. It acts as a template for protein synthesis, carrying the genetic code from the nucleic DNA to ribosomes, where proteins are assembled. There are several types of RNA, including messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), each serving distinct functions in the process of translation. The study of nucleic acids has led to groundbreaking advancements in various fields. For instance, in medicine, understanding the role of nucleic acids in genetic diseases has paved the way for gene therapy and personalized medicine. Researchers are developing techniques to modify nucleic acids to correct genetic defects, offering hope for conditions that were once deemed untreatable. Moreover, the field of biotechnology heavily relies on nucleic acids for applications such as cloning, sequencing, and genetic engineering. Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 have revolutionized the way scientists manipulate nucleic acids, allowing for precise edits to the genome. This not only enhances our understanding of genetics but also holds immense potential for agricultural improvements and disease resistance. In conclusion, the significance of nucleic acids cannot be overstated. They are the building blocks of life, essential for the storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information. As research continues to evolve, the insights gained from studying nucleic acids will undoubtedly lead to further innovations in science and medicine, shaping the future of biology and healthcare. The exploration of nucleic acids is a testament to the intricate complexity of life itself, underscoring the importance of these molecules in our understanding of living organisms.

核酸是所有生物体生物学中发挥至关重要作用的基本分子。这些大分子包括DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）和RNA（核糖核酸），负责储存和传递遗传信息。术语nucleic指的是细胞核，核酸首次被发现于此。理解nucleic酸的结构和功能对遗传学、生物技术和医学的进步至关重要。 nucleic酸的发现可以追溯到19世纪中叶，当时弗里德里希·米歇尔首次从白血球中分离出DNA。他将其称为“核素”，强调其来源于细胞核。多年来，研究人员揭示了DNA的双螺旋结构，阐明了其在遗传中的作用，并探讨了RNA如何作为DNA与蛋白质合成之间的信使。这些nucleic酸之间错综复杂的关系对于理解生物过程如复制、转录和翻译至关重要。 nucleic酸最重要的一个方面是它们编码遗传信息的能力。DNA分子中核苷酸的序列决定了生物体的特征。每个核苷酸由一个糖、一个磷酸基团和一个氮碱基组成。在DNA中有四种类型的氮碱基：腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、胞嘧啶和鸟嘌呤。这些碱基的特定配对（腺嘌呤与胸腺嘧啶配对，胞嘧啶与鸟嘌呤配对）形成了DNA梯子的横档，使得在细胞分裂过程中能够精确复制。 另一方面，RNA在基因表达中扮演着不同但同样重要的角色。它充当蛋白质合成的模板，携带来自nucleic DNA的遗传密码到达核糖体，在那里组装蛋白质。RNA有几种类型，包括信使RNA（mRNA）、转运RNA（tRNA）和核糖体RNA（rRNA），每种在翻译过程中发挥不同的功能。 对nucleic酸的研究已经导致各个领域的突破性进展。例如，在医学领域，理解nucleic酸在遗传疾病中的作用为基因治疗和个性化医疗铺平了道路。研究人员正在开发修改nucleic酸的技术，以纠正遗传缺陷，为曾被认为无药可治的疾病带来希望。 此外，生物技术领域在克隆、测序和基因工程等应用中严重依赖于nucleic酸。CRISPR-Cas9等技术彻底改变了科学家操纵nucleic酸的方式，使得对基因组进行精确编辑成为可能。这不仅增强了我们对遗传学的理解，也为农业改进和抗病能力提供了巨大的潜力。 总之，nucleic酸的重要性不容小觑。它们是生命的基础构件，对于遗传信息的储存、传递和表达至关重要。随着研究的不断发展，从研究nucleic酸中获得的见解无疑将导致科学和医学领域的进一步创新，塑造生物学和医疗保健的未来。探索nucleic酸证明了生命本身的复杂性，强调了这些分子在我们理解生物体中的重要性。