nullification

简明释义

英[ˌnʌlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən]美[ˌnʌləfəˈkeɪʃən]

n. 无效；废弃；取消；（美）州对联邦法令的拒绝执行或承认

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The validity of arbitration clauses of a contract or an arbitration agreement shall not be affected by the alteration, dissolution, termination, nullification or invalidity of the contract.

合同的变更、解除、终止、失效或无效，均不影响仲裁或仲裁协议的效力。

2.The nullification system of insurance contract is not quite perfect in the insurance law of our country.

在我国保险法中，保险合同的无效制度不很完善。

3.As far as its academic connotation is concerned, the novel is enlightening for today's people to reflect on disenchantment and nullification.

小说的学术意蕴对于今天的人们反思“去圣化”和虚无化都有着重要的启示。

4.The nullification of insurance contract means that the tenable insurance contract does not produce entirely or partly legal effects because of its legal cause and promised causes.

保险合同的无效是指因法定原因或约定原因使业已成立的保险合同在法律上全部或部分不产生法律效力。

5.The level of the suspension of concessions or other obligations authorized by the DSB shall be equivalent to the level of the nullification or impairment.

DSB授权的中止减让或其他义务的程度应等于利益丧失或减损的程度。

6.However, the provisions of the Procedures are rather general with no specifics on the renewal and nullification, etc. of trademark pledge registration.

然而，《程序》的规定比较笼统，没有涉及商标质权登记的延期和注销等内容。

7.Finally let us consider a case in which the opponent is downed by the nullification of his resistance to gravity.

最后，让我们考虑一个案件中，对手是被击落通过废止他的抵抗重力。

8.Article 2 the implementation of the procedures for the nullification of production licenses for industrial products shall be governed by the present Provisions.

第二条工业产品生产许可证注销程序的实施，适用本规定。

9.But this nullification does not affect the validity of the entire air transport contract.

但是，此种条款的无效，不影响整个航空运输合同的效力。

10.The court ruled that the law was unconstitutional, leading to the nullification of the statute.

法院裁定该法律违宪，导致该法规的废除。

11.Many states considered nullification of federal laws they deemed unjust.

许多州考虑对他们认为不公正的联邦法律进行废除。

12.The nullification of the treaty was a controversial decision among the political leaders.

该条约的废除在政治领导人中引发了争议。

13.Activists are calling for the nullification of policies that violate human rights.

活动人士呼吁废除侵犯人权的政策。

14.The state's nullification of the federal mandate sparked a nationwide debate.

该州对联邦命令的废除引发了全国范围的辩论。

作文

The concept of nullification has played a significant role in the history of the United States, particularly in relation to states' rights and federal authority. To understand nullification (无效化), we must first explore its origins and implications within the framework of American governance. nullification refers to the idea that states have the right to invalidate any federal law that they believe is unconstitutional or detrimental to their interests. This principle emerged prominently in the early 19th century, especially during the debates surrounding the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Tariff of Abominations. One of the most notable instances of nullification occurred in South Carolina in 1832. The state declared that it would not enforce certain tariff laws imposed by the federal government, arguing that these laws favored northern industries at the expense of southern economies. This act of nullification led to a significant confrontation between state and federal authorities, highlighting the tensions that existed between different regions of the country. President Andrew Jackson firmly opposed this challenge to federal authority and threatened military action if necessary. The doctrine of nullification raises important questions about the balance of power in a federal system. Proponents argue that it serves as a check against potential overreach by the federal government, allowing states to protect their citizens from unjust laws. Critics, however, contend that nullification undermines the rule of law and can lead to chaos, as states may pick and choose which federal laws to follow. This debate continues to resonate today, as issues such as immigration, healthcare, and environmental regulations often provoke discussions about states' rights versus federal authority. In modern times, the idea of nullification has resurfaced in various forms. Some states have sought to nullify federal laws related to gun control, marijuana legalization, and healthcare mandates. These actions often ignite passionate discussions among lawmakers, legal scholars, and the public. Advocates for nullification argue that it empowers local governments to respond to the unique needs of their communities, while opponents warn that it could lead to a fragmented legal system where different states operate under different sets of rules. Ultimately, the concept of nullification reflects the ongoing struggle to define the relationship between state and federal powers in the United States. As society evolves and new challenges arise, the debate over nullification will likely continue. It serves as a reminder of the importance of understanding our legal and political systems, and the ways in which they can be challenged and interpreted. In conclusion, nullification (无效化) is more than just a historical concept; it is a living issue that speaks to the heart of American democracy and the principles of governance that guide our nation. Understanding nullification is essential for anyone interested in the dynamics of power, law, and civil rights in the United States.

无效化这一概念在美国历史上发挥了重要作用，特别是在州权与联邦权威之间的关系方面。要理解无效化（nullification），我们必须首先探讨其起源及在美国治理框架内的含义。无效化指的是各州有权使任何他们认为违宪或对其利益有害的联邦法律失效。这个原则在19世纪初显著出现，尤其是在围绕外侨和煽动法案及对南方经济有害的关税法案的辩论中。 南卡罗来纳州在1832年发生的无效化事件最为显著。该州宣称将不执行联邦政府施加的某些关税法，认为这些法律有利于北方工业，损害了南方经济。这一无效化行为导致了州与联邦当局之间的重大对抗，突显了国家不同地区之间存在的紧张关系。总统安德鲁·杰克逊坚决反对这一对联邦权威的挑战，并威胁必要时采取军事行动。 无效化理论提出了关于联邦制度中权力平衡的重要问题。支持者认为，这为联邦政府潜在的过度扩张提供了一种制衡，使各州能够保护公民免受不公正法律的影响。然而，批评者则认为，无效化削弱了法治，可能导致混乱，因为各州可能选择遵循哪些联邦法律。这场辩论在今天依然引起共鸣，因为移民、医疗保健和环境法规等问题常常激发关于州权与联邦权威的讨论。 在现代，无效化的理念以各种形式重新出现。一些州试图无效化与枪支管控、大麻合法化和医疗保健要求相关的联邦法律。这些行动常常在立法者、法律学者和公众之间引发激烈讨论。无效化的倡导者认为，它赋予地方政府应对社区独特需求的权力，而反对者则警告这可能导致一个支离破碎的法律体系，不同州在不同的规则下运作。 最终，无效化的概念反映了美国在定义州与联邦权力关系方面的持续斗争。随着社会的演变和新挑战的出现，无效化的辩论很可能会继续进行。它提醒我们理解我们的法律和政治体系的重要性，以及它们如何被挑战和解释。总之，无效化（nullification）不仅仅是一个历史概念；它是一个活生生的问题，涉及到美国民主的核心和指导我们国家的治理原则。理解无效化对于任何对美国权力、法律和公民权利动态感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的。