oligodendrocyte

简明释义

英[ˌɒlɪɡəʊˈdendrəʊsaɪt]美[ˌoʊlɪɡoʊˈdendrəˌsaɪt]

n. 少突细胞

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.Mature neural cells after differentiation could express specific antigens of neuron, astrocyte and oligodendrocyte.

分化后的细胞表达神经元细胞、质细胞和少突胶质细胞的特异性抗原。

2.Previous experiments carried out by Geron in rats with damaged motor nerves suggested that oligodendrocyte progenitor cells injected into the spine can redress this, helping to restore movement.

Geron公司以前的试验表明，少突胶质前体细胞能纠正小鼠受损的运动神经元，有利于其功能的恢复。

3.Conclusion: the early phase expression of NG2 and O4 and the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the brain of epileptic rats increase and relate to the observing time-point.

结论：氯化锂毛果芸香碱致疒间大鼠早期大脑ng2和O4表达增加，少突胶质前体细胞增多，并且和观测时间相关。

4.Oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation medium is a complete medium designed for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in vitro.

少突胶质前体细胞培养基是专门为少突胶质前体细胞体外分化设计的最适宜的培养基。

5.Ischemia; Reperfusion; Oligodendrocyte precursor cells; NBQX.

缺血；再灌注；少突胶质前体细胞；nbqx。

6.Conclusion the increase in early expression of NG2 and O4 and the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells after whole brain irradiation of rats is related to the observation time-point.

结论大鼠全脑照射后早期大脑ng2和O4表达增加，少突胶质前体细胞增多，并且和观测时间相关。

7.The present study is to obtain more pure oligodendrocytes and further understand the committed differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cell in vitro.

在体外培养条件下获取纯度较高的少突胶质细胞系细胞并探索其分化规律。

8.Conclusion The oligodendrocyte in gray matter area had selective vulnerability to ischemic injury.

结论灰质区少突胶质细胞具有选择性缺血易损性。

9.The role of oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞 in myelin formation is crucial for proper nerve function.

在髓鞘形成中，少突胶质细胞的作用对神经功能至关重要。

10.Research has shown that damage to oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞 can lead to neurodegenerative diseases.

研究表明，少突胶质细胞的损伤可能导致神经退行性疾病。

11.In multiple sclerosis, the immune system attacks oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞, disrupting the myelin sheath.

在多发性硬化症中，免疫系统攻击少突胶质细胞，破坏髓鞘。

12.Scientists are exploring how to regenerate oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞 to repair nerve damage.

科学家们正在探索如何再生少突胶质细胞以修复神经损伤。

13.The differentiation of neural stem cells into oligodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞 is a key area of study in neuroscience.

神经干细胞向少突胶质细胞的分化是神经科学研究的关键领域。

作文

The human brain is a complex organ that contains billions of cells, each playing a crucial role in its function. Among these cells are neurons, the primary signaling units of the nervous system, and glial cells, which support and protect neurons. One type of glial cell that is particularly important is the oligodendrocyte (少突胶质细胞). These cells are essential for the proper functioning of the nervous system as they produce the myelin sheath that insulates neuronal axons. Myelin is a fatty substance that enhances the speed of electrical signals transmitted along the nerve fibers, allowing for efficient communication between different parts of the brain and between the brain and the rest of the body. The role of oligodendrocytes in myelination cannot be overstated. Each oligodendrocyte can extend its processes to multiple axons, wrapping around them to form segments of myelin. This process is known as oligodendrogenesis, and it is vital during both development and repair of the nervous system. In the developing brain, oligodendrocytes proliferate and differentiate from precursor cells, ensuring that the growing neurons are adequately insulated. In adults, these cells play a critical role in remyelination following injury or disease, such as multiple sclerosis, where the myelin sheath is damaged. Research has shown that the dysfunction or loss of oligodendrocytes can lead to various neurological disorders. For instance, in multiple sclerosis, the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys oligodendrocytes, leading to demyelination. This results in impaired signal transmission, causing a range of symptoms including fatigue, motor control issues, and cognitive dysfunction. Understanding the biology of oligodendrocytes is therefore essential for developing therapeutic strategies for such conditions. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the potential of oligodendrocytes in regenerative medicine. Scientists are exploring ways to promote the survival and proliferation of these cells in order to enhance remyelination and restore function after neural injuries. Techniques such as stem cell therapy are being investigated to see if they can induce the formation of new oligodendrocytes or stimulate existing ones to repair damaged myelin. In conclusion, oligodendrocytes (少突胶质细胞) are indispensable components of the nervous system. Their ability to myelinate axons not only facilitates rapid communication within the brain but also protects neurons from damage. As research continues to unveil the complexities of oligodendrocytes, it becomes increasingly clear that they hold the key to understanding and potentially treating various neurological disorders. The future of neuroscience may very well hinge on our ability to harness the power of these remarkable cells, paving the way for innovative therapies that could improve the lives of millions affected by neurological diseases.

人脑是一个复杂的器官，包含数十亿个细胞，每个细胞在其功能中都扮演着至关重要的角色。在这些细胞中，神经元是神经系统的主要信号单位，而胶质细胞则支持和保护神经元。其中一种特别重要的胶质细胞是少突胶质细胞（oligodendrocyte）。这些细胞对于神经系统的正常运作至关重要，因为它们产生绝缘神经轴突的髓鞘。髓鞘是一种脂肪物质，可以增强沿神经纤维传输的电信号的速度，从而实现大脑不同部分之间以及大脑与身体其他部分之间的高效通信。 少突胶质细胞在髓鞘形成中的作用不可小觑。每个少突胶质细胞可以向多个轴突延伸其过程，包裹它们以形成髓鞘的片段。这个过程被称为少突胶质形成，是神经系统发育和修复过程中至关重要的。在发育中的大脑中，少突胶质细胞从前体细胞增殖并分化，确保生长中的神经元得到充分的绝缘。在成年人中，这些细胞在损伤或疾病后的再髓鞘形成中发挥着关键作用，例如多发性硬化症，髓鞘受到损害。 研究表明，少突胶质细胞的功能障碍或丧失可能导致各种神经系统疾病。例如，在多发性硬化症中，免疫系统错误地攻击并破坏少突胶质细胞，导致脱髓鞘。这会导致信号传输受损，造成疲劳、运动控制问题和认知功能障碍等一系列症状。因此，了解少突胶质细胞的生物学对于开发此类疾病的治疗策略至关重要。 此外，最近的研究强调了少突胶质细胞在再生医学中的潜力。科学家们正在探索促进这些细胞存活和增殖的方法，以增强再髓鞘形成并在神经损伤后恢复功能。诸如干细胞疗法等技术正在研究，看它们是否能诱导新少突胶质细胞的形成或刺激现有细胞修复受损的髓鞘。 总之，少突胶质细胞（oligodendrocyte）是神经系统不可或缺的组成部分。它们髓鞘化轴突的能力不仅促进了大脑内部的快速交流，还保护神经元免受损伤。随着研究继续揭示少突胶质细胞的复杂性，越来越明显的是，它们是理解和潜在治疗各种神经系统疾病的关键。神经科学的未来可能确实取决于我们利用这些非凡细胞的能力，为数百万受到神经疾病影响的人们铺平通向创新疗法的道路。