oncogene

简明释义

英[ˈɒŋkəʊdʒiːn]美[ˈɑːŋkədʒiːn]

n. [遗][肿瘤] 致癌基因

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Conclusion: The mRNA overexpression of MET proto-oncogene is correlated with tumor differentiation in ESCC.

结论：MET原癌基因表达水平与食管鳞癌细胞分化相关。

2.Pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is a proto-oncogene and plays roles in promoting tumorigenesis and metastasis.

垂体肿瘤转化基因1 (PTTG1)具有促进肿瘤生长和转移的作用。

3.Aberrant somatic hypermutation and deregulation of the oncogene BCL-6 are associated with lymphomagenesis.

异常的超变和异常的致癌基因 BCL-6 与淋巴瘤的发生具有相关性。

4.The research has been published in the online version of the journal Oncogene; it will appear in an upcoming issue of the journal's print version.

这项研究成果已经在《肿瘤基因杂志》网络版发表，将在下期杂志印刷版出版。

5.The influencing of some oncogene and anti-oncogene to the expression and activity of HIF-1 determines neoplastic prognosis ultimately.

而某些癌基因和抑癌基因对HIF-1表达及活性的影响最终决定着肿瘤的预后。

6.Programmed cell death factor 4 (PDCD4) gene is a new anti-oncogene, which is firstly identified as a specific protein expressed in cell apoptosis.

程序性细胞死亡因子4 (PDCD4)基因是首先在细胞凋亡中因一种表达特异的蛋白质而鉴别出来的一种新的抑癌基因。

7.Mutational activation of the BRAF oncogene is the most common genetic alteration in cutaneous melanoma.

BRAF癌基因突变的激活是皮肤黑色素瘤最常见的基因改变。

8.The study focused on the role of oncogene 癌基因 mutations in breast cancer development.

这项研究集中于癌基因突变在乳腺癌发展中的作用。

9.Researchers discovered a new oncogene 癌基因 that may contribute to lung cancer.

研究人员发现了一种新的癌基因，可能与肺癌有关。

10.Targeting specific oncogenes 癌基因 can lead to more effective cancer treatments.

靶向特定的癌基因可以导致更有效的癌症治疗。

11.The activation of an oncogene 癌基因 can disrupt normal cell functions.

一个癌基因的激活可以干扰正常细胞功能。

12.Scientists are investigating how environmental factors influence oncogene 癌基因 expression.

科学家们正在研究环境因素如何影响癌基因的表达。

作文

In the field of molecular biology, the term oncogene refers to a specific type of gene that has the potential to cause cancer. When mutated or expressed at high levels, oncogenes can lead to the uncontrolled growth of cells, which is a hallmark of cancer. Understanding oncogenes is crucial for researchers and medical professionals as they work towards developing effective treatments for various types of cancer. The discovery of oncogenes dates back to the early 20th century when scientists began to understand the genetic basis of cancer. Initially, it was thought that cancer was primarily caused by environmental factors such as radiation and chemicals. However, further research revealed that genetic mutations play a significant role in the development of cancer. Oncogenes are often derived from normal genes known as proto-oncogenes, which are involved in cell growth and division. When these proto-oncogenes undergo mutations, they can become oncogenes, leading to tumor formation. One of the most well-known examples of an oncogene is the RAS gene. Mutations in the RAS gene are found in a large percentage of human cancers, including pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers. When the RAS gene is mutated, it sends continuous signals for cell division, causing cells to proliferate uncontrollably. This unregulated growth can result in the formation of tumors and the spread of cancer throughout the body. The study of oncogenes has significant implications for cancer therapy. Researchers are working on targeted therapies that specifically inhibit the activity of oncogenes. For instance, drugs that target the mutated RAS protein are currently being developed and tested in clinical trials. By understanding the mechanisms through which oncogenes contribute to cancer, scientists hope to create more effective treatments that can improve patient outcomes. Moreover, the identification of oncogenes has also led to advancements in cancer diagnostics. Genetic testing can help identify patients with specific mutations in oncogenes, allowing for personalized treatment plans. This approach not only enhances the effectiveness of treatment but also minimizes the side effects associated with traditional therapies. In conclusion, oncogenes are critical players in the development of cancer. Their discovery has transformed our understanding of how cancer arises and has paved the way for innovative treatment strategies. As research continues to uncover the complexities of oncogenes and their role in cancer biology, we move closer to achieving better prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this devastating disease. The ongoing exploration of oncogenes will undoubtedly remain a focal point in the fight against cancer, offering hope for millions affected by this illness worldwide.

在分子生物学领域，术语癌基因指的是一种特定类型的基因，它有可能导致癌症。当发生突变或以高水平表达时，癌基因可以导致细胞的失控生长，这是癌症的一个标志。理解癌基因对研究人员和医疗专业人士至关重要，因为他们努力开发针对各种类型癌症的有效治疗方法。 癌基因的发现可以追溯到20世纪初，当时科学家们开始了解癌症的遗传基础。最初，人们认为癌症主要是由环境因素引起的，如辐射和化学物质。然而，进一步的研究揭示了遗传突变在癌症发展中的重要作用。癌基因通常源自正常基因，称为原癌基因，这些基因参与细胞的生长和分裂。当这些原癌基因发生突变时，它们可能变成癌基因，导致肿瘤形成。 一个众所周知的癌基因例子是RAS基因。RAS基因的突变在大量人类癌症中被发现，包括胰腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌。当RAS基因突变时，它会持续发送细胞分裂的信号，导致细胞失控增殖。这种不受调节的生长可能导致肿瘤的形成以及癌症在全身的扩散。 对癌基因的研究对癌症治疗具有重要意义。研究人员正在开发针对特定抑制癌基因活性的靶向疗法。例如，针对突变RAS蛋白的药物目前正在开发并进行临床试验。通过理解癌基因如何促进癌症的机制，科学家们希望创造出更有效的治疗方法，从而改善患者的预后。 此外，癌基因的识别也促进了癌症诊断的进步。基因检测可以帮助识别具有特定癌基因突变的患者，从而允许个性化的治疗方案。这种方法不仅增强了治疗的有效性，还最小化了与传统疗法相关的副作用。 总之，癌基因是癌症发展的关键角色。它们的发现改变了我们对癌症产生方式的理解，并为创新治疗策略铺平了道路。随着研究继续揭示癌基因及其在癌症生物学中作用的复杂性，我们离实现更好的预防、诊断和治疗这一毁灭性疾病的目标又近了一步。对癌基因的持续探索无疑将继续成为抗击癌症的重点，为全球数百万受此疾病影响的人们带来希望。