oncolysis

简明释义

英[ˌɑŋˈkɑləsɪs]美[ˌɑŋˈkɑləsɪs]

n. 溶癌作用；瘤细胞溶解

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The unique characteristics let the VSV have great potential and advantage to be a live vaccine vector and oncolysis viral vector.

VSV的这些特点使其具有巨大的优势和潜力作为一种活病毒载体和肿瘤治疗载体。

2.The unique characteristics let the VSV have great potential and advantage to be a live vaccine vector and oncolysis viral vector.

VSV的这些特点使其具有巨大的优势和潜力作为一种活病毒载体和肿瘤治疗载体。

3.Anaerobic bacteria can selectively colonize and cause oncolysis in hypoxic and necrotic areas of solid tumors.

厌氧菌能在肿瘤乏氧及坏死区选择性定植，引起溶瘤效应；

4.The research focused on the process of oncolysis to understand how cancer cells are destroyed.

这项研究集中在肿瘤溶解的过程，以了解癌细胞是如何被破坏的。

5.Advancements in immunotherapy have led to significant improvements in oncolysis rates among patients.

免疫疗法的进展使患者的肿瘤溶解率显著提高。

6.Scientists are exploring new drugs that enhance oncolysis without harming healthy cells.

科学家们正在探索新药，以增强肿瘤溶解而不损害健康细胞。

7.The study revealed that certain viruses can induce oncolysis in tumor cells.

研究揭示某些病毒可以诱导肿瘤细胞的肿瘤溶解。

8.Understanding the mechanisms of oncolysis can lead to better cancer treatments.

理解肿瘤溶解的机制可以带来更好的癌症治疗方案。

作文

In the realm of cancer research, the term oncolysis plays a crucial role in understanding how certain treatments can effectively target and destroy cancer cells. Oncolysis refers to the process by which cancer cells are lysed or destroyed, typically through the action of viruses, immune cells, or specific therapeutic agents. This concept is particularly important as scientists seek to develop more effective cancer therapies that can minimize damage to healthy tissues while maximizing the destruction of malignant cells. One of the most exciting developments in oncology is the use of oncolytic viruses for oncolysis. These are genetically modified or naturally occurring viruses that selectively infect and kill cancer cells. Unlike traditional chemotherapy, which can harm both cancerous and healthy cells, oncolytic viruses are designed to exploit the unique characteristics of tumor cells. For instance, many cancer cells have weakened antiviral defenses, making them more susceptible to infection by these viruses. Once inside the cancer cell, the virus replicates, leading to cell death and the release of new viral particles that can infect neighboring cancer cells. Research has shown that oncolysis via oncolytic viruses can also stimulate the immune system. When cancer cells are destroyed, they release antigens that can alert the immune system to the presence of cancer. This can lead to a systemic immune response, where the body not only targets the infected cancer cells but also other tumor cells that may not have been directly affected by the virus. This dual action—direct lysis of tumor cells and activation of the immune response—makes oncolytic virotherapy a promising avenue in cancer treatment. Another method of achieving oncolysis involves the use of immunotherapy. By harnessing the body's immune system, researchers aim to enhance its ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, for example, can release the 'brakes' on the immune system, allowing T-cells to attack cancer more effectively. This approach can lead to significant oncolysis by enabling the immune system to identify and eliminate cancer cells that it might otherwise overlook. Despite the promise of oncolysis in modern cancer therapies, there are still challenges to overcome. One major hurdle is ensuring that the treatment can effectively reach and penetrate tumors. Some solid tumors create a microenvironment that is hostile to both viruses and immune cells, limiting their effectiveness. Researchers are actively exploring combination therapies that integrate oncolysis with other treatment modalities, such as radiation or targeted therapies, to improve outcomes. Moreover, patient variability poses another challenge in the field of oncolysis. Different patients may respond differently to viral treatments or immunotherapies based on genetic factors, the type of cancer, and the tumor's microenvironment. Personalized medicine, which tailors treatment based on individual patient profiles, is becoming increasingly important in addressing these variations and optimizing the efficacy of oncolysis strategies. In conclusion, oncolysis represents a fascinating and evolving area of cancer research that holds great potential for improving treatment outcomes. By leveraging the power of viruses and the immune system, scientists are paving the way for innovative therapies that could transform the landscape of cancer care. As our understanding of oncolysis deepens, we can hope for more effective and less toxic treatment options for patients battling this formidable disease.

在癌症研究领域，术语oncolysis在理解某些治疗如何有效靶向和摧毁癌细胞方面起着至关重要的作用。Oncolysis指的是癌细胞被裂解或摧毁的过程，通常是通过病毒、免疫细胞或特定治疗剂的作用。这个概念特别重要，因为科学家们寻求开发更有效的癌症治疗方法，以尽量减少对健康组织的损害，同时最大化恶性细胞的破坏。 在肿瘤学中，使用溶瘤病毒进行oncolysis的最新进展令人兴奋。这些是经过基因修饰或自然存在的病毒，能够选择性地感染并杀死癌细胞。与传统化疗不同，后者可能会伤害癌细胞和健康细胞，溶瘤病毒旨在利用肿瘤细胞的独特特征。例如，许多癌细胞的抗病毒防御能力较弱，使它们更容易受到这些病毒的感染。一旦进入癌细胞，病毒就会复制，导致细胞死亡并释放出新的病毒颗粒，这些颗粒可以感染邻近的癌细胞。 研究表明，通过溶瘤病毒实现的oncolysis还可以刺激免疫系统。当癌细胞被摧毁时，它们会释放出抗原，从而可以警告免疫系统癌症的存在。这可以导致全身免疫反应，身体不仅靶向感染的癌细胞，还靶向其他可能没有直接受到病毒影响的肿瘤细胞。这种双重作用——直接溶解肿瘤细胞和激活免疫反应——使得溶瘤病毒治疗成为癌症治疗中一个有前途的方向。 实现oncolysis的另一种方法涉及免疫疗法。通过利用身体的免疫系统，研究人员旨在增强其识别和摧毁癌细胞的能力。例如，免疫检查点抑制剂可以释放免疫系统的“刹车”，允许T细胞更有效地攻击癌症。这种方法可以通过使免疫系统能够识别和消灭癌细胞来导致显著的oncolysis。 尽管在现代癌症疗法中，oncolysis展现出希望，但仍然面临挑战。一个主要障碍是确保治疗能够有效到达并穿透肿瘤。一些实体肿瘤创造了一个对病毒和免疫细胞都不友好的微环境，限制了它们的有效性。研究人员正在积极探索结合疗法，将oncolysis与其他治疗方式（如放疗或靶向疗法）结合，以改善结果。 此外，患者的差异性也是oncolysis领域的另一个挑战。不同患者可能对病毒治疗或免疫疗法的反应有所不同，这取决于遗传因素、癌症类型和肿瘤的微环境。个性化医学，即根据个人患者的特征量身定制治疗，在应对这些差异和优化oncolysis策略的有效性方面变得越来越重要。 总之，oncolysis代表了癌症研究中一个迷人且不断发展的领域，具有改善治疗结果的巨大潜力。通过利用病毒和免疫系统的力量，科学家们正在为创新疗法铺平道路，这些疗法可能会改变癌症护理的格局。随着我们对oncolysis的理解加深，我们可以期待为与这种可怕疾病作斗争的患者提供更有效且毒性更小的治疗选择。