opsin

简明释义

英[ˈɒpsɪn]美[ˈɑːpsɪn]

n. [生化] 视蛋白

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Vitamin A is to create visual cells in order to feel weak light of the composition of rhodopsin, rhodopsin from opsin and 11 - cis - retinal composition, with the dark vision related.

维生素A是构成视觉细胞中感受弱光的视紫红质的组成成分，视紫红质是由视蛋白和11-顺-视黄醛组成，与暗视觉有关。

2.Vitamin A is to create visual cells in order to feel weak light of the composition of rhodopsin, rhodopsin from opsin and 11 - cis - retinal composition, with the dark vision related.

维生素A是构成视觉细胞中感受弱光的视紫红质的组成成分，视紫红质是由视蛋白和11-顺-视黄醛组成，与暗视觉有关。

3.There is no agreement on the relationships of the neuralian opsin subfamilies, and clarifying their phylogeny is key to elucidating the origin of this protein family and of vision.

视觉的遗传起源仍然不清楚，这部分是由于对最早拥有视蛋白的后生动物之间的系统发生学关系的报告的不一致。

4.The colour blindness in the monkeys arises because full colour vision requires two versions of the opsin gene, which is carried on the X chromosome.

色盲在猴群中上升是因为全色觉需要两种不同的视蛋白基因，它们存在于X染色体上。

5.So the scientists got to wondering: what would happen if they gave a boy squirrel monkey the same opsin that girls have.

因此科学家们就考虑：如果给雄性猴子们注入这种雌性猴子拥有的视觉色素会发生什么呢？

6.He discovered that each species has completely lost at least one of the seven opsin genes, and some have even lost two.

他发现每个物种至少已经丧失了七视蛋白基因的一种，有的甚至失去了两种。

7.In one type of squirrel monkey, the males lack a visual pigment called L-opsin.

在一种松鼠猴中，雄松鼠猴缺少一种叫做L视蛋白视觉色素。

8.The light-sensitive protein known as opsin plays a crucial role in the visual process.

这种被称为opsin的光敏蛋白在视觉过程中起着至关重要的作用。

9.In retinal cells, opsin molecules change shape when exposed to light.

在视网膜细胞中，opsin分子在暴露于光线时会改变形状。

10.Different types of opsin are responsible for color vision in humans.

不同类型的opsin负责人体的色彩视觉。

11.Research on opsin has advanced our understanding of how we perceive light.

对opsin的研究提高了我们对光感知机制的理解。

12.Scientists have discovered that opsin can be used in optogenetics to control neurons with light.

科学家发现opsin可以用于光遗传学，通过光来控制神经元。

作文

The human body is a marvel of biological engineering, with various proteins playing crucial roles in the functioning of our cells and organs. One such protein that has garnered significant attention in the field of biochemistry is opsin. This light-sensitive protein is found in the photoreceptor cells of the retina, where it plays a vital role in the process of vision. In this essay, we will explore the structure, function, and importance of opsin in visual perception, as well as its implications in various scientific fields. Opsin is a member of a family of proteins known as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which are crucial for transmitting signals from outside the cell to the inside. The structure of opsin consists of a polypeptide chain that spans the cell membrane seven times, creating a unique shape that allows it to interact with light. When photons of light hit the opsin molecules, they trigger a conformational change in the protein, leading to a cascade of biochemical events that ultimately result in the generation of an electrical signal sent to the brain. The primary type of opsin in humans is called rhodopsin, which is responsible for vision in low-light conditions. Rhodopsin contains a chromophore called retinal, which is derived from vitamin A. When light hits rhodopsin, retinal undergoes a structural change from its cis form to a trans form, initiating the visual transduction pathway. This pathway involves a series of reactions that activate a protein called transducin, which then activates phosphodiesterase, leading to a decrease in cyclic GMP levels. This reduction causes the closure of ion channels, resulting in hyperpolarization of the photoreceptor cell and ultimately sending a signal to the brain that contributes to our perception of light. In addition to its fundamental role in vision, research on opsin has broader implications in various scientific fields. For instance, understanding the mechanisms of opsin can provide insights into certain visual disorders and diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. These conditions are often linked to mutations in the genes encoding opsin proteins, leading to impaired vision or blindness. By studying opsin, scientists can develop potential gene therapies or pharmacological treatments aimed at restoring vision. Moreover, opsin has also been utilized in innovative applications beyond traditional vision science. For instance, researchers have explored the use of opsin in optogenetics, a technique that allows scientists to control specific neurons in the brain using light. By introducing genes that code for opsin into particular neurons, researchers can manipulate the activity of these cells with precision, providing valuable insights into neural circuits and behaviors. In conclusion, opsin is a remarkable protein that plays a crucial role in our ability to see and perceive the world around us. Its intricate structure and function highlight the complexity of biological systems and the importance of proteins in mediating essential processes. As research continues to unravel the mysteries of opsin, we can expect to see advancements not only in our understanding of vision but also in the development of novel therapeutic strategies for various visual impairments and neurological conditions. The study of opsin exemplifies the intersection of biology, medicine, and technology, showcasing how a single protein can have far-reaching implications across multiple disciplines.

人体是生物工程的奇迹，各种蛋白质在细胞和器官的功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。其中一个在生物化学领域引起了广泛关注的蛋白质是视蛋白。这种光敏蛋白存在于视网膜的光感受器细胞中，在视觉过程中发挥着重要作用。在这篇文章中，我们将探讨视蛋白的结构、功能及其在视觉感知中的重要性，以及它在各个科学领域的意义。 视蛋白是G蛋白偶联受体（GPCR）家族的一员，这些受体对从细胞外部到内部信号的传递至关重要。视蛋白的结构由一个多肽链组成，穿过细胞膜七次，形成一种独特的形状，使其能够与光相互作用。当光子照射到视蛋白分子上时，它们会引发蛋白质的构象变化，导致一系列生化事件的级联反应，最终生成发送到大脑的电信号。 人类的主要视蛋白类型被称为视紫红质，负责在低光条件下的视觉。视紫红质含有一种名为视黄醇的色素，视黄醇来源于维生素A。当光线照射到视紫红质上时，视黄醇会从其顺式形式转变为反式形式，从而启动视觉转导通路。该通路涉及一系列反应，激活一种名为转导素的蛋白质，随后激活磷酸二酯酶，导致环鸟苷酸水平下降。这种减少导致离子通道关闭，从而使光感受器细胞超极化，最终向大脑发送信号，帮助我们感知光。 除了在视觉中的基本角色，关于视蛋白的研究在多个科学领域也具有更广泛的意义。例如，了解视蛋白的机制可以为某些视觉障碍和疾病提供见解，如视网膜色素变性和年龄相关性黄斑变性。这些病症通常与编码视蛋白蛋白质的基因突变有关，导致视觉受损或失明。通过研究视蛋白，科学家可以开发潜在的基因疗法或药物治疗，旨在恢复视力。 此外，视蛋白还被用于超越传统视觉科学的创新应用中。例如，研究人员探索了在光遗传学中的使用，该技术允许科学家通过光控制大脑中特定神经元的活动。通过将编码视蛋白的基因引入特定神经元，研究人员可以精确操控这些细胞的活动，为理解神经回路和行为提供宝贵的见解。 总之，视蛋白是一种出色的蛋白质，在我们看见和感知周围世界的能力中发挥着关键作用。它复杂的结构和功能突显了生物系统的复杂性及蛋白质在介导基本过程中的重要性。随着研究不断揭示视蛋白的奥秘，我们可以期待不仅在视觉理解方面取得进展，还能在各种视觉障碍和神经疾病的治疗策略开发中取得突破。对视蛋白的研究体现了生物学、医学和技术的交汇，展示了单一蛋白质如何在多个学科中产生深远影响。