outcrossing

简明释义

英[ˈaʊtˌkrɒsɪŋ]美[ˈaʊtˌkrɔːsɪŋ]

n. [遗][农学]异型杂交，外交；远交

v. 远交；[遗][农学]使异型杂交（outcross 的 ing 形式）

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Secondary pollen presentation has been described as a reproductive strategy that enhances the efficiency and accuracy of pollen exportation and pollen reception, thereby promoting outcrossing.

次级花粉呈现是植物提高花粉输出和接受的效率与准确性以及促进异交的一种繁殖策略。

2.Secondary pollen presentation has been described as a reproductive strategy that enhances the efficiency and accuracy of pollen exportation and pollen reception, thereby promoting outcrossing.

次级花粉呈现是植物提高花粉输出和接受的效率与准确性以及促进异交的一种繁殖策略。

3.The sterile plant with multiple stigmas had a high outcrossing percentage of seed setting because its multiple and long stigmas enlarged the area of pollination.

多柱头不育株，由于柱头多而长，接受花粉面积大，异交结实率高。

4.X. Lin has great change in the same population, and the outcrossing rate difference of the same enzyme locus is also high in the different population.

荷叶铁线蕨不同位点的异交率在同一居群内的变化很大，而不同居群间的同一酶位点的异交率差异也是较大的。

5.A combination of dichogamy and herkogamy in hermaphroditic plants is an effective mechanism to encourage outcrossing and avoid selfing.

雌雄异熟和异型花在一些被子植物中的共同存在被认为是一种有效避免两性花植物自交并促进异交的机制。

6.No significant differences were observed for outcrossing rates of the same combinations between two years.

相同双亲组合的异交率在相邻两年度间差异不显著，并存在着显著的正相关。

7.It has good outcrossing characteristics and early flowering time with its outcrossing rate over 50%.

异交性状佳，花时早，异交结实率50 %以上。

8.Spraying GA3 reasonable can be increased to improve the height, outcrossing rate and yield.

合理喷施赤霉素可以增加株高、提高母本异交结实率和产量。

9.A combination of dichogamy and herkogamy in hermaphroditic plants is an effective mechanism to encourage outcrossing.

雌雄异熟和雌雄异位共同存在于两性植物中是一种有效促进异交的机制。

10.The farmer decided to practice outcrossing to improve the genetic diversity of his crops.

农民决定实践外交配以提高作物的遗传多样性。

11.By using outcrossing, breeders can introduce new traits into their livestock.

通过使用外交配，育种者可以将新特性引入他们的家畜中。

12.The research focused on the benefits of outcrossing in enhancing plant resilience to diseases.

研究集中在外交配在增强植物抵抗疾病方面的好处。

13.Many conservationists advocate for outcrossing to maintain healthy populations of endangered species.

许多保护主义者提倡外交配以维持濒危物种的健康种群。

14.The team conducted experiments to analyze the effects of outcrossing on fruit yield.

团队进行实验以分析外交配对水果产量的影响。

作文

In the field of genetics and agriculture, the term outcrossing refers to the practice of introducing unrelated genetic material into a breeding program. This technique is essential for enhancing genetic diversity and improving the overall health of a population. By allowing different genetic lines to intermingle, outcrossing can lead to the emergence of new traits that may be beneficial for survival and adaptation in changing environments. One of the primary benefits of outcrossing is that it can help reduce the risks associated with inbreeding. Inbreeding occurs when closely related individuals mate, which can result in a higher likelihood of genetic disorders and reduced vitality. For instance, many animal breeding programs have adopted outcrossing strategies to avoid the negative impacts of inbreeding depression, which can manifest as lower fertility rates, increased susceptibility to diseases, and overall decreased fitness. Moreover, outcrossing plays a significant role in plant breeding as well. Farmers often use this technique to create hybrid varieties that exhibit desirable traits such as disease resistance, enhanced yield, and improved flavor. For example, in the production of crops like corn and wheat, outcrossing between different strains can lead to hybrids that outperform their parent varieties. This practice not only boosts agricultural productivity but also contributes to food security in a world facing population growth and climate change challenges. However, outcrossing is not without its challenges. One of the main concerns is the potential loss of unique genetic traits that may be present in local populations. When unrelated individuals are introduced, there is a risk that the original genetic makeup may be diluted or lost entirely. Therefore, it is crucial for breeders and conservationists to carefully consider the sources of genetic material used in outcrossing to ensure that valuable traits are preserved. Additionally, the timing and method of outcrossing can greatly influence the outcomes of breeding programs. For instance, if outcrossing is conducted at the wrong time, it may not lead to successful fertilization or could result in offspring that do not thrive in the local environment. Thus, understanding the biology of the species involved is vital for optimizing the benefits of outcrossing. In conclusion, outcrossing is a powerful tool in the realms of genetics and agriculture, offering numerous advantages such as increased genetic diversity and improved resilience against diseases. However, it also requires careful management to mitigate potential downsides, such as the loss of unique genetic traits. As we continue to face environmental challenges and strive for sustainable agricultural practices, the strategic use of outcrossing will undoubtedly play a crucial role in shaping the future of both natural ecosystems and agricultural systems. By understanding and applying this concept effectively, we can enhance biodiversity and ensure the health and sustainability of various species for generations to come.

在遗传学和农业领域，术语outcrossing指的是将无关的遗传材料引入育种程序的做法。这种技术对于增强遗传多样性和改善种群的整体健康至关重要。通过允许不同的遗传系交融，outcrossing可以导致新特性的出现，这些特性可能对在变化的环境中生存和适应有益。 outcrossing的主要好处之一是它可以帮助减少与近亲繁殖相关的风险。近亲繁殖发生在密切相关的个体交配时，这可能导致遗传疾病的可能性增加和活力降低。例如，许多动物育种程序已经采用outcrossing策略，以避免近亲繁殖抑制的负面影响，这可能表现为生育率降低、对疾病的易感性增加和整体适应能力降低。 此外，outcrossing在植物育种中也发挥着重要作用。农民经常使用这种技术来创造具有理想特征的杂交品种，例如抗病性、产量提高和风味改善。例如，在玉米和小麦等作物的生产中，不同品种之间的outcrossing可以导致性能超过其亲本品种的杂交种。这种做法不仅提高了农业生产力，还为面对人口增长和气候变化挑战的世界贡献了粮食安全。 然而，outcrossing并非没有挑战。主要问题之一是可能会失去地方种群中独特的遗传特征。当无关个体被引入时，原有遗传组成可能会被稀释或完全丧失。因此，育种者和保护主义者必须仔细考虑在outcrossing中使用的遗传材料来源，以确保有价值的特征得以保留。 此外，outcrossing的时机和方法可以极大地影响育种程序的结果。例如，如果在错误的时间进行outcrossing，可能不会导致成功授粉，或者可能导致后代在当地环境中无法茁壮成长。因此，了解所涉及物种的生物学对于优化outcrossing的好处至关重要。 总之，outcrossing是遗传学和农业领域的一种强大工具，提供了许多优势，例如增加遗传多样性和改善对疾病的抵抗力。然而，它也需要谨慎管理，以减轻潜在的缺点，例如独特遗传特征的丧失。随着我们继续面临环境挑战并努力实现可持续农业实践，战略性地使用outcrossing无疑将在塑造自然生态系统和农业系统的未来中发挥关键作用。通过有效理解和应用这一概念，我们可以增强生物多样性，确保各种物种的健康和可持续性，使其在未来几代人中得以延续。