parliamentarism

简明释义

英[ˌpɑːr.lɪˈmen.tə.rɪ.zəm]美[ˌpɑːr.lɪˈmen.tə.rɪ.zəm]

n. 议会政治；议会制度

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Since 1884, parliamentarism has ensured that the cabinet must have the support of the parliament, so the appointment by the King is a formality.

自1884年以来，议会制度确保了内阁必须支持议会，而国王的任命只是一种形式。

2.Since 1884, parliamentarism has ensured that the cabinet must have the support of the parliament, so the appointment by the King is a formality.

自1884年以来，议会制度确保了内阁必须支持议会，而国王的任命只是一种形式。

3.These characteristics shows that the Parliamentarism designed by the Chinese is progressive to a certain extent.

这些特点表明，民盟设计的议会制度有一定的进步性。

4.Many countries adopt parliamentarism to ensure a more democratic governance structure.

许多国家采用议会制以确保更民主的治理结构。

5.The effectiveness of parliamentarism can be seen in its ability to facilitate coalition governments.

在促进联合政府的能力方面，议会制的有效性显而易见。

6.Critics argue that parliamentarism can lead to unstable governments due to frequent changes in leadership.

批评者认为，议会制可能导致由于领导层频繁变动而出现不稳定的政府。

7.Countries with parliamentarism often have a clearer separation of powers.

拥有议会制的国家通常有更清晰的权力分立。

8.In a system of parliamentarism, the executive branch derives its legitimacy from the legislature.

在议会制系统中，行政部门的合法性来自立法机构。

作文

In modern democracies, governance structures can vary significantly, with different systems reflecting the unique historical and cultural contexts of each nation. One of the most prominent systems is parliamentarism, a form of government in which the executive branch derives its legitimacy from and is directly accountable to the legislature (parliament). This system contrasts with presidential systems, where the president is elected separately from the legislative body. Understanding parliamentarism is crucial for comprehending how many countries operate today. At its core, parliamentarism emphasizes the interdependence between the legislative and executive branches. In a parliamentary system, the head of government, often referred to as the prime minister, is typically a member of the parliament and is chosen by fellow parliamentarians. This close relationship fosters collaboration and ensures that the government reflects the will of the majority in the legislature. For instance, in the United Kingdom, the prime minister is the leader of the political party that has the most seats in the House of Commons, demonstrating how parliamentarism facilitates a direct link between voters’ preferences and governmental authority. One of the key advantages of parliamentarism is its ability to create stable governments. Since the prime minister and their cabinet are accountable to parliament, they must maintain the confidence of the majority to remain in power. This often leads to a more cohesive policy-making process, as the government can swiftly implement its agenda without the potential gridlock seen in presidential systems. For example, countries like Canada and Australia have demonstrated how effective parliamentarism can be in enacting legislation and responding to public needs in a timely manner. However, parliamentarism is not without its challenges. The need for the government to maintain the confidence of parliament can lead to instability, particularly in situations where no single party holds a majority. In such cases, coalition governments may form, which can result in compromises that dilute party platforms and policies. Additionally, the frequent change of leadership can create uncertainty both domestically and internationally. Countries like Italy have experienced numerous changes in government, leading to questions about the effectiveness of parliamentarism in ensuring consistent governance. Moreover, the role of the opposition in a parliamentarism system is vital. The opposition parties hold the government accountable, scrutinizing its actions and decisions. This dynamic is essential for a healthy democracy, as it encourages transparency and debate. However, if the opposition becomes too fragmented or ineffective, it can undermine the checks and balances that are critical to a functioning democracy. In conclusion, parliamentarism represents a significant approach to governance that shapes the political landscape in many countries around the world. Its emphasis on accountability, stability, and cooperation between branches of government offers both advantages and challenges. As nations continue to evolve politically, understanding the intricacies of parliamentarism remains essential for grasping the complexities of modern governance and the ongoing quest for democratic ideals. By recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of this system, citizens can better engage in the political processes that affect their lives, ultimately contributing to a more informed and active electorate.

在现代民主国家中，治理结构可以显著不同，各种制度反映了每个国家独特的历史和文化背景。其中最突出的制度之一是议会制，这是一种政府形式，其中行政部门的合法性来自于立法机构（议会），并直接对其负责。这种制度与总统制形成对比，在总统制中，总统是与立法机构分开选举产生的。理解议会制对理解许多国家今天的运作至关重要。 从本质上讲，议会制强调立法和行政部门之间的相互依赖。在议会制系统中，政府首脑，通常称为总理，通常是议会的成员，并由其他议员选出。这种紧密的关系促进了合作，并确保政府反映立法机构中多数人的意志。例如，在英国，总理是下议院中拥有最多席位的政党的领导者，这展示了议会制如何促进选民偏好与政府权威之间的直接联系。 议会制的一个关键优势是能够创造稳定的政府。由于总理及其内阁必须对议会负责，他们必须保持大多数人的信任才能继续执政。这通常导致更具凝聚力的政策制定过程，因为政府可以迅速实施其议程，而不必面临总统制中可能出现的僵局。例如，加拿大和澳大利亚等国展示了议会制在及时制定立法和响应公众需求方面的有效性。 然而，议会制也并非没有挑战。政府需要维持议会的信任可能导致不稳定，特别是在没有单一政党拥有多数席位的情况下。在这种情况下，可能会形成联合政府，这可能导致妥协，从而稀释政党的平台和政策。此外，频繁的领导层更迭可能会在国内外造成不确定性。意大利等国经历了多次政府更迭，导致人们对议会制在确保一致治理方面的有效性产生疑问。 此外，反对派在议会制系统中的角色至关重要。反对党对政府进行问责，审查其行动和决定。这种动态对于健康的民主至关重要，因为它鼓励透明度和辩论。然而，如果反对派变得过于分散或无效，可能会削弱对一个正常运作的民主制度至关重要的制衡。 总之，议会制代表了一种重要的治理方式，塑造了世界许多国家的政治格局。它对问责制、稳定性和政府各部门之间的合作的强调提供了优势和挑战。随着各国政治的不断演变，理解议会制的复杂性对于掌握现代治理的复杂性以及对民主理想的持续追求仍然至关重要。通过认识到这一制度的优缺点，公民可以更好地参与影响他们生活的政治过程，从而最终促进一个更有信息和积极参与的选民基础。