particularism

简明释义

英[pəˈtɪkjʊlərɪz(ə)m]美[pərˈtɪkjələrɪzm]

n. 党派意识；特殊神宠论；完全忠于一种理论

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology.

这种文化理论强调所有文化的独特性，它为人类学提供了新的方向。

2.Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology.

这种文化理论强调所有文化的独特性，它为人类学提供了新的方向。

3.In sociology, particularism refers to the focus on specific groups rather than universal principles.

在社会学中，特殊主义指的是关注特定群体而非普遍原则。

4.The rise of particularism in politics can lead to fragmentation within a society.

政治中特殊主义的兴起可能导致社会内部的分裂。

5.Cultural particularism emphasizes the uniqueness of individual cultures.

文化特殊主义强调各个文化的独特性。

6.Critics argue that particularism can hinder global cooperation.

批评者认为特殊主义可能阻碍全球合作。

7.In ethics, particularism suggests that moral judgments should be made based on specific contexts.

在伦理学中，特殊主义认为道德判断应基于特定情境。

作文

In today's globalized world, the concept of particularism (特殊主义) often arises in discussions about cultural identity and social cohesion. Particularism refers to the idea that specific groups or cultures should be prioritized based on their unique characteristics, values, and traditions. This is in contrast to universalism, which advocates for a more generalized approach that applies to all people regardless of their specific backgrounds. Understanding particularism is essential for navigating the complexities of modern society, where diverse cultures coexist and interact with one another. One of the most prominent examples of particularism can be observed in the realm of politics. Many nations have policies that cater to specific ethnic or cultural groups, aiming to preserve their unique identities and promote their interests. For instance, indigenous rights movements around the world often emphasize particularism by advocating for the recognition of their distinct cultures, languages, and land rights. These movements highlight the importance of acknowledging and respecting the unique contributions that different groups make to society, as well as the need to protect their heritage from being overshadowed by dominant cultures. In the field of ethics, particularism presents an interesting challenge. Ethical theories often grapple with the balance between respecting individual circumstances and adhering to universal moral principles. Some philosophers argue that particularism allows for a more nuanced understanding of ethical dilemmas, as it emphasizes the importance of context and the specific details of each situation. This perspective can lead to more compassionate and effective decision-making, as it encourages individuals to consider the unique needs and values of those involved. However, particularism is not without its criticisms. Detractors argue that an overemphasis on particularistic values can lead to fragmentation within societies, fostering division and conflict rather than unity. When groups prioritize their own interests above those of others, it can create an environment of competition and resentment. This is particularly relevant in multicultural societies, where the challenge lies in finding a balance between celebrating diversity and promoting social cohesion. In education, particularism plays a significant role in shaping curricula and teaching practices. Educators often strive to create inclusive environments that recognize and honor the diverse backgrounds of their students. By incorporating particularism into their teaching, they can help students appreciate their own cultural identities while also fostering respect for others. This approach not only enriches the learning experience but also prepares students to navigate an increasingly interconnected world. Ultimately, the discussion surrounding particularism invites us to reflect on our own identities and the ways in which we relate to others. It challenges us to consider how we can honor our unique backgrounds while also fostering a sense of belonging and connection with those who may be different from us. In a world that often feels polarized, embracing particularism alongside universal values may offer a pathway toward greater understanding and cooperation among diverse communities. As we continue to engage with the complexities of cultural identity, it is essential to strike a balance that respects both our individual uniqueness and our shared humanity.

在当今全球化的世界中，particularism (特殊主义) 的概念常常出现在关于文化身份和社会凝聚力的讨论中。Particularism 指的是特定群体或文化应基于其独特特征、价值观和传统而优先考虑的思想。这与普遍主义形成对比，后者倡导一种更普遍的做法，适用于所有人，而不论他们的具体背景。理解particularism 对于驾驭现代社会的复杂性至关重要，在这个社会中，多元文化共存并相互交融。 Particularism 的一个显著例子可以在政治领域观察到。许多国家的政策针对特定的民族或文化群体，旨在保护他们独特的身份并促进他们的利益。例如，世界各地的土著权利运动经常强调particularism，通过倡导承认他们独特的文化、语言和土地权利来维护他们的权益。这些运动突显了承认和尊重不同群体对社会独特贡献的重要性，以及保护他们的遗产免受主流文化影响的必要性。 在伦理学领域，particularism 提出了有趣的挑战。伦理理论常常努力平衡尊重个别情况与遵循普遍道德原则之间的关系。一些哲学家认为，particularism 允许对伦理困境有更细致的理解，因为它强调上下文的重要性以及每种情况的具体细节。这种观点可以导致更具同情心和有效的决策，因为它鼓励个人考虑相关方的独特需求和价值观。 然而，particularism 并非没有批评。反对者认为，过分强调特殊主义的价值观可能导致社会内部的分裂，滋生竞争和冲突，而不是团结。这在多元文化社会中特别相关，挑战在于如何在庆祝多样性和促进社会凝聚力之间找到平衡。 在教育中，particularism 在塑造课程和教学实践方面发挥着重要作用。教育者通常努力创造包容性环境，承认和尊重学生的多样背景。通过将particularism 纳入教学，他们可以帮助学生欣赏自己的文化身份，同时培养对他人的尊重。这种方法不仅丰富了学习体验，还为学生准备进入一个日益互联的世界。 最终，围绕particularism 的讨论促使我们反思自己的身份以及我们与他人的关系。它挑战我们思考如何在尊重我们独特背景的同时，促进归属感和与那些可能不同于我们的人的联系。在一个常常感到两极分化的世界中，同时拥抱particularism 和普遍价值观可能为不同社区之间更大的理解与合作提供了一条途径。当我们继续与文化身份的复杂性互动时，寻找尊重我们个体独特性和共同人性的平衡是至关重要的。