performative

简明释义

英[pəˈfɔːmətɪv]美[pərˈfɔːrmətɪv]

adj. 表述行为的

n. 述行成分，述行语

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.As soon as the performative mechanism which gives him his charismatic authority is unmasked, the Master loses his power.

一旦给他至上权力的这个述行机制被揭穿，这个主人就丧失了他的权力。

2.But Austin, who puts forward speech act theory, maintains that language is not only referent, but also performative.

言语行为理论始创者奥斯汀提出语言不仅仅具有指称作用，同样具有施为作用。

3.Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness.

同样，在诗歌中，只有高度个性化和富有表现力的文学形式才有真正的活力。

4.Quantity genetic analysis showed that genetic variation coefficient, performative variation coefficient and hereditary ability of growth properties were greater than physiological properties.

数量遗传分析表明，各生长指标的遗传变异系数、表型变异系数和广义遗传力一般均大于生理指标；

5.Shoda's last epic poem became just as performative as it was poetic.

栗原贞子最后一首史诗是如诗似诗，也是行事语言。

6.It was "performative," in the terminology of the linguistic philosopher John Austin.

用语言哲学家约翰·奥斯丁的术语来说，它是“表述行为的”。

7.Levine acknowledges that implementing an environment that encourages performative ties isn "t necessarily easy."

拉文承认，营建一个鼓励主动性联系的环境并不一定非常容易。

8.The teacher's praise was not just a compliment; it was a performative 表演性的 act that motivated the students.

老师的赞美不仅仅是个夸奖；它是一种表演性的行为，激励了学生。

9.In theater, every gesture and word can be performative 表演性的, conveying deeper meanings.

在戏剧中，每一个手势和每一句话都可以是表演性的，传达更深层的意义。

10.The activist's speech was a performative 表演性的 declaration of their beliefs.

该活动家的演讲是一种表演性的信念宣言。

11.Social media posts can often be performative 表演性的, aiming to showcase one's values rather than genuinely express them.

社交媒体上的帖子往往是表演性的，旨在展示个人的价值观而不是诚实地表达。

12.The wedding vows are a performative 表演性的 act that symbolizes the commitment between partners.

结婚誓言是一种表演性的行为，象征着伴侣之间的承诺。

作文

In recent years, the term performative has gained significant traction in various fields, including linguistics, philosophy, and cultural studies. To understand this concept better, we must explore its origins and applications. The word performative is derived from the idea that language can do more than merely convey information; it can also perform actions. This notion was famously articulated by philosopher J.L. Austin in his work on speech acts, where he proposed that certain utterances can bring about changes in the world simply by being spoken. For example, saying 'I apologize' does not just relay information but actively performs the act of apologizing. In the realm of linguistics, performative utterances are statements that do not merely describe a situation but rather enact it. This is particularly evident in various social contexts. Consider a wedding ceremony where the officiant says, 'I now pronounce you husband and wife.' This statement is not just an observation; it is a performative act that changes the status of the individuals involved. They are no longer single but are now united in marriage. Moreover, the concept of performative extends beyond language into the realm of identity and social interactions. Judith Butler, a prominent gender theorist, argues that gender is not a fixed trait but rather something that is performed through repeated behaviors and societal norms. According to Butler, the very act of identifying oneself as a particular gender is a performative act, as it is contingent upon societal expectations and performances. This perspective challenges the traditional notions of gender as inherent or static, emphasizing instead the fluidity and dynamism of identity. In contemporary culture, we often witness performative actions in social movements and activism. For instance, when individuals participate in protests or demonstrations, they are engaging in performative acts that aim to raise awareness and effect change. These actions are not merely symbolic; they serve a purpose in shaping public discourse and influencing policy. The power of these performative acts lies in their ability to mobilize communities and foster solidarity among individuals who share common goals. However, it is essential to recognize the potential pitfalls of performative actions. In some cases, individuals may engage in what is referred to as 'performative activism,' where their participation in social causes is more about self-promotion than genuine commitment to the cause. This raises questions about authenticity and the true impact of such actions. Are these individuals genuinely invested in the issues they advocate for, or are they merely performing a role for social approval? In conclusion, the term performative encompasses a wide range of meanings and implications across different disciplines. From its roots in linguistics to its applications in gender theory and social activism, understanding performative actions allows us to appreciate the complexity of communication and identity. As we navigate an increasingly interconnected world, recognizing the power of our words and actions is crucial. Ultimately, whether in personal relationships, social movements, or cultural expressions, the performative nature of our interactions shapes our realities and influences the world around us.

近年来，术语performative在语言学、哲学和文化研究等多个领域获得了显著关注。要更好地理解这个概念，我们必须探讨它的起源和应用。performative一词源于语言不仅可以传达信息，还可以执行行为的思想。哲学家J.L.奥斯丁在他的言语行为研究中著名地阐述了这一观点，他提出某些话语可以通过说出而改变世界。例如，说“我道歉”不仅仅是传递信息，而是积极执行道歉的行为。 在语言学领域，performative话语是那些不仅描述情况而且实际上执行该情况的陈述。这在各种社会背景中尤为明显。考虑婚礼仪式，在那里主持人说：“我现在宣布你们成为夫妻。”这句话不仅是一个观察；它是一个performative行为，改变了相关个体的身份。他们不再是单身，而是现在在婚姻中团结在一起。 此外，performative的概念超越了语言，进入身份和社会互动的领域。著名性别理论家朱迪思·巴特勒认为，性别不是一个固定的特征，而是通过重复行为和社会规范来执行的。根据巴特勒的观点，自我认同为某种性别的行为是一个performative行为，因为它依赖于社会期望和表现。这一观点挑战了传统的性别观念，强调了身份的流动性和动态性。 在当代文化中，我们经常在社会运动和激进主义中见证performative行为。例如，当个人参与抗议或示威时，他们正在进行旨在提高意识和影响变革的performative行为。这些行为不仅仅是象征性的；它们在塑造公共话语和影响政策方面发挥着作用。这些performative行为的力量在于它们能够动员社区并促进共享共同目标的个体之间的团结。 然而，必须认识到performative行为的潜在陷阱。在某些情况下，个人可能参与所谓的“表演主义激进主义”，他们对社会事业的参与更多是为了自我宣传，而非真正对事业的承诺。这引发了关于真实性和此类行为真正影响的问题。这些个人是否真心投入于他们倡导的问题，还是仅仅为了社会认可而在表演一个角色？ 总之，术语performative在不同学科中涵盖了广泛的含义和影响。从语言学的根源到性别理论和社会激进主义的应用，理解performative行为使我们能够欣赏沟通和身份的复杂性。当我们在日益互联的世界中导航时，认识到我们言语和行为的力量至关重要。最终，无论是在个人关系、社会运动还是文化表达中，我们互动的performative性质塑造了我们的现实，并影响了我们周围的世界。