peroxisomes

简明释义

英[pəˈrɒksɪˌzoʊmz]美[pəˈrɑk.sɪˌzoʊmz]

n. [生化]过氧化物酶体（peroxisome 的复数）

英英释义

单词用法

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反义词

例句

1.Peroxisomes are organelles that perform a variety of functions, including the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide and the oxidation of fatty acids. Peroxisomes do not possess organellar DNA;

过氧化物酶体是细胞的履行其他各种功能，包括过氧化氢代谢和氧化的不饱和脂肪酸。

2.Peroxisomes are organelles that perform a variety of functions, including the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide and the oxidation of fatty acids. Peroxisomes do not possess organellar DNA;

过氧化物酶体是细胞的履行其他各种功能，包括过氧化氢代谢和氧化的不饱和脂肪酸。

3.Peroxisomes are cell organelles that can cause disease and aging processes if they do not function properly.

不正常的过氧化物酶体是一种可以导致疾病和衰老的细胞体。

4.Lysosomes and peroxisomes are often referred to as the garbage disposal system of a cell.

对细胞来说，溶酶体和过氧物酶体是被当成垃圾处置系统而提到的。

5.Glycerate or OH-pyruvate was converted into serine by spinach leaf peroxisomes.

菠菜叶片过氧体可转变甘油酸或羟基丙酮酸成为丝氨酸。

6.The function of peroxisomes 过氧化物酶体 in the liver is crucial for detoxifying harmful substances.

肝脏中过氧化物酶体的功能对解毒有重要作用。

7.Research has shown that peroxisomes 过氧化物酶体 play a significant role in lipid metabolism.

研究表明，过氧化物酶体在脂质代谢中发挥着重要作用。

8.Defects in peroxisomes 过氧化物酶体 can lead to serious genetic disorders.

在过氧化物酶体中的缺陷可能导致严重的遗传疾病。

9.Scientists are exploring how peroxisomes 过氧化物酶体 contribute to cellular aging.

科学家们正在探讨过氧化物酶体如何影响细胞老化。

10.In plant cells, peroxisomes 过氧化物酶体 are involved in photorespiration.

在植物细胞中，过氧化物酶体参与光呼吸过程。

作文

Peroxisomes are small, membrane-bound organelles found in the cells of many eukaryotic organisms. They play a crucial role in various metabolic processes, particularly in the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of harmful substances. Understanding the function and importance of peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) is essential for grasping how cells maintain their health and efficiency. In the world of cellular biology, organelles are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions. Among these, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) are particularly interesting due to their unique capabilities. They contain enzymes that catalyze reactions involving hydrogen peroxide, a potentially harmful byproduct of metabolism. By breaking down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) help protect the cell from oxidative damage. One of the primary functions of peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) is the oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids. This process is vital for energy production and the generation of metabolic intermediates. When fatty acids are broken down in peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体), they are converted into acetyl-CoA, which can then enter the citric acid cycle for further energy extraction. This pathway is especially important in liver cells, where fat metabolism is critical for maintaining overall energy balance. In addition to fatty acid metabolism, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) are involved in the synthesis of plasmalogens, a type of phospholipid that is essential for the structural integrity of cell membranes, particularly in the heart and brain. The presence of peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) is therefore crucial for maintaining the health of these vital tissues. Moreover, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) also participate in the detoxification of various harmful substances. For instance, they play a role in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause cellular damage if not adequately managed. By converting ROS into less harmful molecules, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) contribute to cellular homeostasis and prevent oxidative stress, a condition associated with numerous diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. The dysfunction of peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) can lead to a variety of metabolic disorders known as peroxisomal biogenesis disorders. These conditions arise when peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) are unable to form or function properly, resulting in the accumulation of fatty acids and other toxic substances. For example, Zellweger syndrome is a severe disorder caused by the absence of functional peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体), leading to significant developmental issues and often resulting in early death. In conclusion, peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) are essential organelles that perform crucial metabolic functions within cells. Their roles in fatty acid metabolism, detoxification, and the synthesis of important biomolecules underscore their importance in maintaining cellular health. A deeper understanding of peroxisomes (过氧化物酶体) not only enhances our knowledge of cellular biology but also highlights the potential implications for human health and disease management.