phosphorylated

简明释义

英[ˌfɒs.fəˈreɪ.tɪd]美[ˌfɑː.sfəˈreɪ.t̬ɪd]

磷酸化

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.It does not cross-react with p53 phosphorylated at other sites.

该抗体不与其他位点磷酸化的p 53蛋白发生交叉反应。

2.Methods: Aspergillus niger cells entrapped by modified phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) alginate gel co react with immobilized glucose isomerase to transfer sucrose to FOS.

方法：以磷酸化的PVA 海藻酸钙为载体包埋黑曲霉细胞，与固定化的葡萄糖异构酶协同反应，以蔗糖为原料转化生产低聚果糖。

3.Other polysaccharides are formed from other sugar, which rose by enzymic transformations of phosphorylated hexoes and sugar nucleotides.

其它多聚糖则是由磷酸化己糖和核苷酸糖通过酶作用生成的其它糖聚合形成的。

4.The phosphorylation assay proves that aldose reductase is the substrate of insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase and the Tyr(40) and Tyr(49) are phosphorylated by the kinase.

在试管内，未磷酸化的醛糖还原酶和磷酸化的醛糖还原酶的动力学常数无差异，而细胞内的情况有待于进一步研究。

5.This antibody does not cross-react with other unrelated phosphorylated proteins.

该抗体不与其他不相关的磷酸化蛋白发生交叉反应。

6.Protein phosphorylated participates in regulation of cell death pathway, location, cell protection, and transition of cell period.

研究发现蛋白磷酸化参与细胞死亡途径的调节，影响亚细胞定位、细胞保护、细胞周期进程。

7.The paper aims at the research on phosphorylated starch , its structure, reaction mechanism , properties and applications in foodstuff industry.

论述淀粉磷酸酯的结构、反应机制、性质及在食品工业中的应用。

8.The fluorescence of the phosphorylated protein is normalized to that of the total protein in each well to correct for well-to-well variations.

磷酸化蛋白的荧光按照同一孔中的总蛋白被标准化，以纠正孔间的差异。

9.The enrichment sample of phosphorylated peptide can identify phosphorylation sites.

采用富集到的磷酸化肽样品可进而实现磷酸化位点的鉴定。

10.The protein was phosphorylated to activate its function.

该蛋白质被磷酸化以激活其功能。

11.In response to stress, the enzyme is rapidly phosphorylated to enhance its activity.

在应对压力时，酶快速被磷酸化以增强其活性。

12.The signaling pathway involves several steps where proteins are phosphorylated by kinases.

该信号通路涉及多个步骤，其中蛋白质被激酶磷酸化。

13.After being phosphorylated, the transcription factor binds more effectively to DNA.

在被磷酸化后，转录因子更有效地结合到DNA上。

14.Certain drugs work by preventing proteins from being phosphorylated.

某些药物通过阻止蛋白质被磷酸化来发挥作用。

作文

In the world of biochemistry, the process of phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular functions. Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group (PO4) to a molecule, typically a protein. This modification can significantly alter the function of the protein, affecting its activity, localization, and interaction with other cellular components. One common term associated with this process is 'phosphorylated,' which refers to a protein that has undergone this modification. When a protein is phosphorylated (磷酸化的), it often becomes activated or deactivated, leading to a cascade of biological responses within the cell. For example, consider the role of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins in signal transduction pathways. These pathways are essential for cells to respond to external stimuli, such as hormones or growth factors. When a signaling molecule binds to a receptor on the cell surface, it triggers a series of events that often involve the phosphorylation (磷酸化) of specific proteins. This phosphorylation (磷酸化) can activate enzymes or transcription factors, leading to changes in gene expression and cellular behavior. One well-studied example of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins is the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). These kinases are critical for mediating the effects of growth factors and stress signals. When MAPKs are phosphorylated (磷酸化的), they undergo a conformational change that allows them to interact with other proteins in the signaling pathway, ultimately leading to cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, or apoptosis. Moreover, the regulation of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins is tightly controlled by the action of enzymes known as kinases and phosphatases. Kinases are responsible for adding phosphate groups to proteins, while phosphatases remove them. This dynamic balance between phosphorylation (磷酸化) and dephosphorylation is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and ensuring that cells respond appropriately to their environment. The implications of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins extend beyond basic cellular functions. Abnormalities in phosphorylation processes have been linked to various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. For instance, many oncogenes encode for kinases that, when mutated, lead to the aberrant phosphorylation (磷酸化) of target proteins, promoting uncontrolled cell growth and division. Understanding these mechanisms has paved the way for targeted therapies that aim to inhibit specific kinases involved in tumorigenesis. In conclusion, the concept of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins is fundamental to our understanding of cellular signaling and regulation. From the activation of metabolic pathways to the modulation of gene expression, phosphorylation (磷酸化) serves as a key mechanism through which cells communicate and respond to their surroundings. As research continues to unveil the complexities of these processes, the significance of phosphorylated (磷酸化的) proteins in health and disease will undoubtedly remain a focal point in the field of biochemistry.

在生物化学的世界中，磷酸化过程在调节各种细胞功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用。磷酸化是指将磷酸基团（PO4）添加到分子上，通常是蛋白质。这种修饰可以显著改变蛋白质的功能，影响其活性、定位和与其他细胞组分的相互作用。与这一过程相关的一个常用术语是'phosphorylated'，它指的是经历过这种修饰的蛋白质。当蛋白质被phosphorylated（磷酸化的）时，它通常会被激活或失活，从而导致细胞内一系列生物反应的级联效应。 例如，考虑一下phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质在信号转导途径中的作用。这些途径对于细胞响应外部刺激（如激素或生长因子）至关重要。当信号分子与细胞表面的受体结合时，会触发一系列事件，通常涉及特定蛋白质的phosphorylation（磷酸化）。这种phosphorylation（磷酸化）可以激活酶或转录因子，从而导致基因表达和细胞行为的变化。 一个研究较多的phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质的例子是丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPKs）。这些激酶对于介导生长因子和应激信号的作用至关重要。当MAPKs被phosphorylated（磷酸化的）时，它们会经历构象变化，使其能够与信号通路中的其他蛋白质相互作用，最终导致细胞增殖、分化或凋亡等细胞反应。 此外，phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质的调节由称为激酶和磷酸酶的酶的作用严格控制。激酶负责将磷酸基团添加到蛋白质上，而磷酸酶则将其去除。这种phosphorylation（磷酸化）和去磷酸化之间的动态平衡对于维持细胞稳态和确保细胞适当地响应其环境至关重要。 phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质的影响超出了基本细胞功能。磷酸化过程的异常与多种疾病有关，包括癌症、糖尿病和神经退行性疾病。例如，许多癌基因编码的激酶在突变时，会导致靶蛋白的异常phosphorylation（磷酸化），促进细胞的无控制生长和分裂。理解这些机制为针对特定参与肿瘤发生的激酶的靶向治疗铺平了道路。 总之，phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质的概念对于我们理解细胞信号传导和调节至关重要。从代谢途径的激活到基因表达的调节，phosphorylation（磷酸化）作为细胞交流和响应其周围环境的关键机制。随着研究继续揭示这些过程的复杂性，phosphorylated（磷酸化的）蛋白质在健康和疾病中的重要性无疑将在生物化学领域中保持核心地位。