phosphorylate

简明释义

英[fɒsˈfɒrɪˌleɪt]美[ˈfɑːsfərəˌleɪt]

vt. 使磷酸化

第 三 人 称 单 数 p h o s p h o r y l a t e s

现 在 分 词 p h o s p h o r y l a t i n g

过 去 式 p h o s p h o r y l a t e d

过 去 分 词 p h o s p h o r y l a t e d

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Polo-like kinases also phosphorylate the cohesin subunit SCC1, causing cohesin displacement from chromosome arms that allow for proper cohesin localization to centromeres (7).

Polo样蛋白激酶也可以磷酸化粘连蛋白亚基scc1，引起染色体臂的粘连蛋白移位，促进粘连蛋白的中心体适当定位(7)。

2.Polo-like kinases also phosphorylate the cohesin subunit SCC1, causing cohesin displacement from chromosome arms that allow for proper cohesin localization to centromeres (7).

Polo样蛋白激酶也可以磷酸化粘连蛋白亚基scc1，引起染色体臂的粘连蛋白移位，促进粘连蛋白的中心体适当定位(7)。

3.An important part of the cellular response to DNA damage is checkpoint activation - checkpoint kinases CHK1 and CHK2 phosphorylate key proteins to elicit cell-cycle blocks.

细胞对DNA损伤作出应答的一个重要过程是检查点活化(检查点激酶CHK1和CHK2使关键蛋白磷酸化，从而阻止正常的细胞周期。)

4.Treatment of AMPK-DN mice with adiponectin failed to phosphorylate cardiac acetyl-CoA carboxylase as it did in WT mouse heart.

给予AMPK - DN组鼠脂连素处理未能磷酸化心脏乙酰辅酶A羧化酶，而在WT组鼠中可以实现。

5.The enzyme kinases are responsible for the ability to phosphorylate proteins, which is crucial for many cellular processes.

酶激酶负责磷酸化蛋白质的能力，这对许多细胞过程至关重要。

6.In signal transduction, a receptor can phosphorylate downstream targets, activating various pathways.

在信号转导中，受体可以磷酸化下游靶标，激活各种通路。

7.To regulate metabolism, insulin can phosphorylate key enzymes in glucose uptake.

为了调节新陈代谢，胰岛素可以磷酸化葡萄糖摄取中的关键酶。

8.Certain drugs work by inhibiting the ability to phosphorylate specific proteins involved in cancer.

某些药物通过抑制特定蛋白质的磷酸化能力来发挥作用，这些蛋白质与癌症有关。

9.The process of cell division is regulated by proteins that can phosphorylate each other.

细胞分裂的过程由可以相互磷酸化的蛋白质调节。

作文

In the realm of biochemistry, the process of phosphorylate plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular functions. To phosphorylate means to add a phosphate group to a molecule, typically a protein or a sugar. This modification can significantly alter the activity of the molecule, affecting how it interacts with other cellular components. Understanding how and why molecules are phosphorylated is essential for researchers studying metabolic pathways and signal transduction. One of the most well-known examples of phosphorylateion is in the action of insulin on glucose metabolism. When insulin binds to its receptor on the cell surface, a cascade of events is triggered that leads to the phosphorylateion of key proteins involved in glucose uptake. This process not only facilitates the entry of glucose into the cells but also helps to regulate blood sugar levels. Without the ability to phosphorylate these proteins, the body would struggle to manage glucose effectively, leading to conditions such as diabetes. Furthermore, phosphorylateion is not limited to insulin signaling. It is a fundamental mechanism in many signaling pathways, including those mediated by growth factors and hormones. For instance, in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, a series of proteins are activated through phosphorylateion, ultimately leading to cellular responses such as growth, division, and differentiation. The precise control of phosphorylateion events is vital for maintaining homeostasis within the body. The significance of phosphorylateion extends beyond just metabolic processes; it is also critical in the regulation of gene expression. Certain transcription factors must be phosphorylated to either activate or repress specific genes. This regulatory mechanism allows cells to adapt to changing environments and signals, ensuring that the appropriate genes are expressed at the right times. Additionally, the study of phosphorylateion has implications in drug development. Many pharmaceutical agents aim to inhibit or mimic the phosphorylateion of specific targets to treat diseases. For example, some cancer therapies are designed to block the phosphorylateion of oncogenes, thereby preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation. Understanding the intricate details of how phosphorylateion occurs can lead to more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes. In summary, the ability to phosphorylate molecules is a fundamental biochemical process that underlies many aspects of cellular function. From regulating metabolism to controlling gene expression, phosphorylateion is a key player in maintaining the health and stability of living organisms. As research continues to uncover the complexities of this process, the potential for new therapeutic strategies will undoubtedly expand, highlighting the importance of understanding how to phosphorylate and the consequences it entails.

在生物化学领域，磷酸化过程在调节各种细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用。磷酸化是指向分子（通常是蛋白质或糖）添加一个磷酸基团。这种修饰可以显著改变分子的活性，影响其与其他细胞成分的相互作用。理解分子如何以及为何被磷酸化对研究代谢途径和信号转导的研究人员至关重要。 一个众所周知的磷酸化例子是在胰岛素对葡萄糖代谢的作用。当胰岛素与细胞表面的受体结合时，会触发一系列事件，导致关键蛋白质的磷酸化，这些蛋白质参与葡萄糖的摄取。这个过程不仅促进了葡萄糖进入细胞，还帮助调节血糖水平。如果没有能力对这些蛋白质进行磷酸化，身体将难以有效管理葡萄糖，从而导致糖尿病等疾病。 此外，磷酸化不仅限于胰岛素信号传导。它是许多信号通路中的基本机制，包括生长因子和激素介导的通路。例如，在丝裂原激活蛋白激酶（MAPK）通路中，一系列蛋白质通过磷酸化被激活，最终导致细胞响应，例如生长、分裂和分化。磷酸化事件的精确控制对于维持体内的稳态至关重要。 磷酸化的重要性不仅限于代谢过程；它在基因表达的调控中也至关重要。某些转录因子必须被磷酸化才能激活或抑制特定基因。这种调控机制使细胞能够适应变化的环境和信号，确保在正确的时间表达适当的基因。 此外，磷酸化的研究在药物开发中也具有重要意义。许多药物旨在抑制或模仿特定靶点的磷酸化，以治疗疾病。例如，一些癌症疗法旨在阻止癌基因的磷酸化，从而防止不受控制的细胞增殖。理解磷酸化发生的复杂细节可以导致更有效的治疗方案和改善患者的预后。 总之，能够对分子进行磷酸化是一个基本的生化过程，支撑着细胞功能的许多方面。从调节代谢到控制基因表达，磷酸化是维持生物体健康与稳定的关键因素。随着研究继续揭示这一过程的复杂性，新治疗策略的潜力无疑会扩大，这突显了理解如何进行磷酸化及其带来的后果的重要性。