photoelectron

简明释义

英[ˌfəʊtəʊɪˈlektrɒn]美[ˌfoʊtoʊɪˈlektrɑːn]

n. [物][电子] 光电子

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.So, let's start with talking about photoelectron spectroscopy.

那么，我们开始讲光电子能谱。

2.Target detection and recognition technology on infrared image is an important part in modern photoelectron technology field.

基于红外图像的目标检测技术是现代光电子技术领域的重要组成部分。

3.The Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectra(UPS) of 10 silatranes are recorded in this paper.

报道了10种杂氮硅三环类化合物的紫外光电子能谱（UPS） 。

4.In this paper, the relationships between the thickness and the optical absorption of photocathode and the escape depth of photoelectron are discussed.

本文讨论了光学吸收和光电子逸出深度与多碱光阴极厚度的关系；从理论上分析了透射式多碱光阴极的最佳厚度。

5.In this paper, the relationships between the thickness and the optical absorption of photocathode and the escape depth of photoelectron are discussed.

本文讨论了光学吸收和光电子逸出深度与多碱光阴极厚度的关系；从理论上分析了透射式多碱光阴极的最佳厚度。

6.The implanted samples were analyzed using X ray diffractometer (XRD) and X ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS).

注入后的样品用X射线衍射方法(XRD)以及光电子能谱方法(XPS)进行分析。

7.Scientists in Germany used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to get a detailed image of the surface of a treated tooth.

德国科学家利用X射线光电子光谱法绘制出一个治疗过的牙齿表面的详细图像。

8.Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is one of the most powerful and useful tool for chemical composition analysis on both wood and fiber surfaces.

表面光电子能谱分析是固体木材及纤维表面化学组成分析最有效及最灵敏的工具之一。

9.The emission of a photoelectron 光电子 from a metal surface occurs when it is exposed to ultraviolet light.

当金属表面暴露在紫外光下时，会发射出一个光电子。

10.In photoelectron spectroscopy, scientists analyze the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectrons 光电子 to determine the electronic structure of materials.

在光电子能谱中，科学家分析发射出的光电子的动能，以确定材料的电子结构。

11.The photoelectron 光电子 effect is a fundamental principle used in photovoltaic cells to convert light into electricity.

光电子效应是光伏电池将光转化为电能的基本原理。

12.When a photon hits an atom, it can eject a photoelectron 光电子, leading to ionization.

当光子撞击原子时，它可以弹出一个光电子，导致电离。

13.The energy of the incoming photon must exceed the work function to release a photoelectron 光电子 from the material.

入射光子的能量必须超过功函数才能从材料中释放出一个光电子。

作文

In the realm of physics, particularly in the study of quantum mechanics and photoelectric effects, the term photoelectron refers to an electron that is emitted from a material as a result of its interaction with light or electromagnetic radiation. This phenomenon is foundational in understanding how light can influence matter at the atomic level. When light hits a surface, it can transfer energy to the electrons in that material. If the energy provided by the incoming photons is sufficient to overcome the binding energy of the electrons, these electrons are ejected from the material, thus becoming photoelectrons. This process is not only crucial for explaining various physical phenomena but also has practical applications in technology, such as in photovoltaic cells and photo detectors. The concept of photoelectron was first introduced in the early 20th century, notably through the work of Albert Einstein, who explained the photoelectric effect and earned the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his contributions. Einstein's explanation revealed that light can behave both as a wave and a particle, which was a significant shift in the understanding of electromagnetic radiation. The particles of light, known as photons, carry quantized packets of energy. When these photons collide with the surface of a metal, they can impart enough energy to dislodge electrons from their atomic orbits, resulting in the emission of photoelectrons. The energy of the emitted photoelectrons depends on the frequency of the incident light; higher frequency light, such as ultraviolet light, can produce photoelectrons with greater kinetic energy than lower frequency light, like visible light. This relationship is described by the equation E = hf - φ, where E is the kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron, h is Planck's constant, f is the frequency of the incident light, and φ is the work function of the material, which is the minimum energy needed to remove an electron from the surface. Understanding photoelectrons is essential for various scientific fields, including chemistry, materials science, and electrical engineering. For instance, in solar panels, the generation of electricity relies on the emission of photoelectrons when sunlight strikes the semiconductor material. The emitted photoelectrons create a flow of electric current, which can be harnessed for power. Additionally, in spectroscopy, the analysis of photoelectrons helps scientists determine the elemental composition and electronic structure of materials, providing insights into their properties and behaviors. Moreover, advancements in technology have allowed for the development of sophisticated instruments that can detect and measure photoelectrons with high precision. These tools are used in research laboratories around the world to explore new materials and phenomena, pushing the boundaries of our understanding of physics and chemistry. In conclusion, the term photoelectron encapsulates a fundamental aspect of the interaction between light and matter. Its significance extends beyond theoretical physics into practical applications that impact our daily lives. By studying photoelectrons, scientists continue to unlock the mysteries of the universe, paving the way for innovations that harness the power of light in various technological advancements.

在物理学领域，尤其是在量子力学和光电效应的研究中，术语photoelectron指的是由于与光或电磁辐射相互作用而从材料中发射出的电子。这一现象是理解光如何在原子层面影响物质的基础。光照射到表面时，可以将能量传递给该材料中的电子。如果入射光子的能量足以克服电子的束缚能，这些电子就会从材料中被弹出，从而成为photoelectrons。这一过程不仅对解释各种物理现象至关重要，还有实际应用，例如在光伏电池和光探测器中。 photoelectron的概念首次出现在20世纪初，特别是在阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的工作中，他解释了光电效应，并因其贡献于1921年获得诺贝尔物理学奖。爱因斯坦的解释揭示了光可以同时表现出波动性和粒子性，这在理解电磁辐射方面是一个重大转变。光的粒子被称为光子，它们携带量子化的能量包。当这些光子与金属表面碰撞时，它们可以传递足够的能量以使电子脱离其原子轨道，从而导致photoelectrons的发射。 发射的photoelectrons的能量取决于入射光的频率；高频光（如紫外光）可以产生具有更大动能的photoelectrons，而低频光（如可见光）则无法。这个关系由方程E = hf - φ描述，其中E是发射的photoelectron的动能，h是普朗克常数，f是入射光的频率，φ是材料的功函数，即从表面移除电子所需的最小能量。 理解photoelectrons对于化学、材料科学和电气工程等多个科学领域至关重要。例如，在太阳能电池中，发电依赖于阳光照射半导体材料时发射的photoelectrons。发射的photoelectrons产生电流，可以被利用来供电。此外，在光谱学中，分析photoelectrons有助于科学家确定材料的元素组成和电子结构，从而提供对其性质和行为的深入了解。 此外，技术的进步使得开发出能够高精度检测和测量photoelectrons的复杂仪器成为可能。这些工具在全球的研究实验室中被广泛使用，以探索新材料和现象，推动我们对物理和化学的理解的边界。 总之，术语photoelectron囊括了光与物质相互作用的基本方面。它的重要性超越了理论物理，延伸到影响我们日常生活的实际应用。通过研究photoelectrons，科学家们继续揭开宇宙的奥秘，为利用光的力量进行各种技术创新铺平道路。