plasmolysis

简明释义

英[plæzˈmɒlɪsɪs]美[plæzˈmɑːləsɪs]

n. [植] 质壁分离；胞浆分离；原形质分离

英英释义

单词用法

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例句

1.During the infection of pathogen, a series of pathological changes occurred in host tissues and cells, such as plasmolysis, disruption of cytoplasm, decomposed of organoids and necrosis of cells.

在遭受侵染过程中，寄主组织和细胞发生了一系列病理变化，包括质壁分离、质膜断裂、细胞器解体及细胞坏死。

2.During the infection of pathogen, a series of pathological changes occurred in host tissues and cells, such as plasmolysis, disruption of cytoplasm, decomposed of organoids and necrosis of cells.

在遭受侵染过程中，寄主组织和细胞发生了一系列病理变化，包括质壁分离、质膜断裂、细胞器解体及细胞坏死。

3.The results showed that plasmolysis time, concentration of enzyme solutions, different osmoticum and incubation time significantly affected isolation of protoplasts from K326 leaves.

结果表明，质壁分离的时间、酶液浓度、渗透压及酶解时间是影响原生质体产量和质量的决定性因素。

4.The phenomenon of the plasmolysis generally appears in the cells during the period of dormancy.

在休眠期，细胞普遍产生质壁分离现象。

5.The results showed that loading decreased the degree of vacuolation and caused plasmolysis.

结果表明：装载后，细胞液泡化程度降低，出现质壁分离。

6.When plant cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, they undergo plasmolysis, resulting in the cell membrane pulling away from the cell wall.

当植物细胞置于高渗透溶液中时，它们会经历质壁分离，导致细胞膜从细胞壁上脱离。

7.The phenomenon of plasmolysis can be observed under a microscope when examining onion cells in saltwater.

在显微镜下观察盐水中的洋葱细胞时，可以看到质壁分离的现象。

8.Farmers must be cautious of plasmolysis when using fertilizers that draw water out of the soil.

农民在使用抽水出土壤的肥料时必须小心质壁分离。

9.In biology class, we learned how plasmolysis affects the turgor pressure of plant cells.

在生物课上，我们学习了质壁分离如何影响植物细胞的膨压。

10.During plasmolysis, the cytoplasm shrinks and the cell becomes flaccid.

在质壁分离过程中，细胞质收缩，细胞变得松弛。

作文

In the study of biology, one term that often comes up when discussing plant cells is plasmolysis. This process is crucial for understanding how plant cells interact with their environment, particularly in relation to water movement. To define plasmolysis, we can say that it refers to the phenomenon where the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall due to the loss of water from the cell's vacuole. This typically occurs when a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, meaning that the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside. As a result, water moves out of the cell in an attempt to balance the solute concentrations on both sides of the membrane. When plasmolysis occurs, the cell undergoes significant changes. The vacuole, which is normally filled with water, shrinks as water exits the cell. This shrinkage causes the cytoplasm to pull away from the rigid cell wall, leading to a state where the cell is no longer turgid, or firm. Turgidity is essential for plants as it helps maintain their structure and upright position. Without adequate turgor pressure, plants may wilt and lose their ability to photosynthesize effectively. The implications of plasmolysis extend beyond just individual cells; they can affect the entire plant. For instance, if a plant experiences prolonged exposure to a hypertonic environment, it may struggle to survive. This is particularly relevant in agricultural contexts where crops may be exposed to saline soils or drought conditions. Understanding plasmolysis can help farmers and scientists develop strategies to mitigate these effects, such as selecting salt-resistant crop varieties or improving irrigation techniques. Moreover, plasmolysis serves as an important experimental tool in laboratories. By manipulating the osmotic conditions around plant cells, researchers can observe the effects of different solutions on cell structure and function. This can provide valuable insights into cellular processes and how plants adapt to varying environmental conditions. In conclusion, plasmolysis is more than just a biological term; it represents a critical concept in understanding plant physiology and ecology. It highlights the delicate balance between a cell and its environment, emphasizing the importance of water in maintaining cellular integrity. As we continue to explore the complexities of plant life, the role of plasmolysis will undoubtedly remain a key focus in both research and practical applications in agriculture and horticulture.

在生物学的研究中，一个经常出现的术语是质壁分离，它与植物细胞的讨论密切相关。这个过程对于理解植物细胞如何与其环境相互作用尤为重要，尤其是在水分运动方面。为了定义质壁分离，我们可以说它指的是细胞膜因细胞液泡失去水分而从细胞壁上脱离的现象。这通常发生在植物细胞被放置在高渗溶液中时，即细胞外的溶质浓度高于细胞内。当水分试图平衡膜两侧的溶质浓度时，水分便会流出细胞。 当发生质壁分离时，细胞会经历显著变化。通常充满水的液泡在水分流出后会缩小，这导致细胞质从坚硬的细胞壁上拉开，形成一种不再膨胀或坚挺的状态。膨压对植物至关重要，因为它有助于维持植物的结构和直立姿势。如果没有足够的膨压，植物可能会枯萎，失去有效进行光合作用的能力。 质壁分离的影响不仅限于单个细胞；它们还可能影响整个植物。例如，如果植物长时间暴露于高渗环境中，它可能会难以生存。这在农业背景下尤其相关，因为作物可能会暴露于盐碱土壤或干旱条件下。理解质壁分离可以帮助农民和科学家制定减轻这些影响的策略，例如选择抗盐作物品种或改善灌溉技术。 此外，质壁分离在实验室中作为一种重要的实验工具。通过操控植物细胞周围的渗透条件，研究人员可以观察不同溶液对细胞结构和功能的影响。这可以提供有关细胞过程及植物如何适应不同环境条件的宝贵见解。 总之，质壁分离不仅仅是一个生物学术语；它代表了理解植物生理学和生态学的关键概念。它强调了细胞与其环境之间的微妙平衡，突显了水在维持细胞完整性方面的重要性。随着我们继续探索植物生命的复杂性，质壁分离的作用无疑将继续成为农业和园艺研究及实践应用中的重点。