referenda

简明释义

英[ˌrefəˈrendə]美[ˌrefəˈrendə]

n. 普通投票

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Referenda and initiative efforts are underway for the 2012 elections in Missouri, Alabama, Michigan, Florida, California, and elsewhere.

在密苏里亚拉巴马州、密歇根州、佛罗里达州、加利福尼亚州和其他地方，公民投票和启动行动正在为2012年的选举而进行。

2.Referenda and initiative efforts are underway for the 2012 elections in Missouri, Alabama, Michigan, Florida, California, and elsewhere.

在密苏里亚拉巴马州、密歇根州、佛罗里达州、加利福尼亚州和其他地方，公民投票和启动行动正在为2012年的选举而进行。

3.It will also increase the spectrum of our choices, beyond the binary options of "Yes" or "No" referenda.

它还能增加我们的选择，而不是简单的“是”和“否”的二元普通投票。

4.Making choices "as a country" cannot be avoided in some cases, such as elections or referenda.

“作为一个国家”做决定有时候是不可避免的，比如选举和全民公决。

5.The United States is not opposed to referenda;

美国不反对公投 ；

6.Referenda, ratchets and opt-outs

全民公决，棘轮条款和部分退出

7.The government decided to hold several referenda to gauge public opinion on the new tax laws.

政府决定举行几次公投以了解公众对新税法的看法。

8.In many countries, referenda are used to decide important issues like constitutional amendments.

在许多国家，公投用于决定重要问题，如宪法修正案。

9.The recent referenda on independence sparked debates across the nation.

最近关于独立的公投在全国引发了辩论。

10.Voter turnout was high during the referenda, reflecting the public's interest in the issues at stake.

在公投期间，投票率很高，反映出公众对相关问题的关注。

11.Some politicians criticize referenda as a way to bypass legislative processes.

一些政治家批评公投是绕过立法程序的一种方式。

作文

In modern democracies, the concept of direct democracy has gained significant traction, allowing citizens to have a more active role in shaping their governance. One of the most prominent tools in this process is the use of referenda, which are votes in which the electorate is invited to vote directly on a particular proposal or policy. This mechanism not only empowers citizens but also serves as a reflection of the collective will of the people. Understanding the importance and implications of referenda is crucial for anyone interested in political science and civic engagement. Historically, referenda have been employed in various countries to address contentious issues that may not be easily resolved through the regular legislative process. For instance, in Switzerland, referenda are a common practice, allowing citizens to vote on a wide array of issues, from constitutional amendments to specific laws. This system has created a unique political culture where the public feels more connected to the decision-making process. By participating in referenda, citizens can express their opinions on matters that directly affect their lives, thereby enhancing democratic legitimacy. However, the use of referenda is not without its challenges. Critics argue that complex issues may be oversimplified into 'yes' or 'no' questions, leading to uninformed voting. Additionally, the influence of media and campaign financing can skew public perception and impact the outcomes of referenda. It is essential for voters to be well-informed about the issues at stake to make sound decisions. This brings forth the necessity for comprehensive public education campaigns surrounding referenda, ensuring that citizens understand both the implications of their votes and the details of the proposals they are considering. Moreover, referenda can sometimes lead to divisions within society. When a proposal is contentious, the outcome can polarize communities, creating an 'us versus them' mentality. For instance, the Brexit referendum in the United Kingdom highlighted deep societal divides regarding national identity, immigration, and economic policy. The aftermath of such referenda often requires reconciliation efforts to bridge the gaps created during the voting process. On the other hand, when managed effectively, referenda can serve as a catalyst for political engagement and civic responsibility. They encourage citizens to educate themselves about political issues, fostering a more informed electorate. Additionally, successful referenda can lead to significant policy changes that reflect the desires of the populace, reinforcing the idea that government should be accountable to the people it serves. In conclusion, referenda play a vital role in contemporary democratic practices, offering a direct avenue for citizens to influence legislation and policy. While they present certain challenges, including the risk of oversimplification and societal division, the potential benefits of increased civic engagement and accountability cannot be overlooked. As democracies continue to evolve, the thoughtful implementation and management of referenda will be crucial in ensuring that they serve their intended purpose: to reflect the will of the people and enhance the democratic process.

在现代民主国家，直接民主的概念获得了显著的发展，使公民能够在塑造他们的治理中发挥更积极的作用。其中一个最突出的工具就是使用公投，即选民被邀请直接对特定提案或政策进行投票。这一机制不仅赋予了公民权力，也反映了人民集体意志的重要性。理解公投的重要性及其影响，对于任何对政治科学和公民参与感兴趣的人来说都是至关重要的。 历史上，公投在各国被用来解决那些不容易通过常规立法程序解决的争议性问题。例如，在瑞士，公投是一种常见的做法，允许公民就宪法修正案到具体法律的广泛问题进行投票。这一制度创造了一种独特的政治文化，使公众与决策过程更加紧密联系。通过参与公投，公民可以表达他们对直接影响他们生活的事务的看法，从而增强民主合法性。 然而，使用公投并非没有挑战。批评者认为，复杂问题可能被简化为“是”或“否”的问题，导致无知投票。此外，媒体的影响和竞选融资可能扭曲公众认知，并影响公投的结果。选民在做出明智决策之前，了解相关问题至关重要。这就提出了在公投周围开展全面公共教育运动的必要性，以确保公民理解他们投票的影响以及他们所考虑提案的细节。 此外，公投有时可能导致社会内部的分裂。当提案具有争议性时，结果可能会使社区两极分化，造成“我们对他们”的心态。例如，英国的脱欧公投突显了关于国家认同、移民和经济政策的深刻社会分歧。这类公投的后果往往需要和解努力，以弥合投票过程中产生的差距。 另一方面，当管理得当时，公投可以成为政治参与和公民责任感的催化剂。它们鼓励公民自我教育，增强选民的知识水平。此外，成功的公投可以带来反映民众愿望的重要政策变化，强化政府应对其服务人民的理念。 总之，公投在当代民主实践中发挥着至关重要的作用，提供了公民影响立法和政策的直接途径。虽然它们确实面临一些挑战，包括过于简化和社会分裂的风险，但增加公民参与和问责制的潜在好处不可忽视。随着民主的不断发展，公投的合理实施和管理对于确保它们实现预期目的至关重要：反映人民的意愿，并增强民主进程。