seignorial

简明释义

英[seɪˈnjɔːrɪəl]美[siˈnjɔrɪəl]

adj. 领主的；庄园主的；君主的

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.She began to question Dronushka about the peasants' needs, and to ask whether there was a "seignorial store" at Bogutcharovo.

她向德龙努什卡详细询问农民的急需，并且询问博古恰罗沃的地主储备粮的情况。

2.She began to question Dronushka about the peasants' needs, and to ask whether there was a "seignorial store" at Bogutcharovo.

她向德龙努什卡详细询问农民的急需，并且询问博古恰罗沃的地主储备粮的情况。

3.The seignorial estate was once the center of local governance and power.

这个领主的庄园曾是地方治理和权力的中心。

4.Many seignorial privileges were abolished during the revolution.

许多领主的特权在革命期间被废除。

5.The seignorial system had a significant impact on feudal society.

该领主制对封建社会产生了重大影响。

6.He inherited a seignorial title that dates back to the Middle Ages.

他继承了一个可以追溯到中世纪的领主头衔。

7.The seignorial lands were often vast and included many villages.

这些领主的土地通常非常广阔，包括许多村庄。

作文

In the context of medieval history, the term seignorial refers to the system of land ownership and governance that was prevalent in feudal societies. This system was characterized by the relationship between lords and their vassals, where the lords owned large estates and granted portions of their land to vassals in exchange for military service and loyalty. The seignorial system was not just about land; it also encompassed various rights and obligations that defined the social structure of the time. The essence of the seignorial system lies in the power dynamics it created. Lords had significant authority over their lands and the peasants living on them. They could levy taxes, enforce laws, and demand a portion of the agricultural produce from the serfs who worked their lands. In return, the lords were expected to provide protection and maintain order within their territories. This reciprocal relationship was fundamental to the functioning of medieval society. One of the key features of the seignorial system was the concept of manorialism, which described the economic aspect of feudalism. Manors were the basic units of production, and they included not only the lord's residence but also the surrounding lands and villages. The peasants, often bound to the land, worked tirelessly to cultivate crops and tend to livestock. Their labor was essential for the sustenance of the manor and, by extension, the lord's wealth and power. This system created a rigid social hierarchy, with lords at the top and serfs at the bottom. However, the seignorial system was not without its challenges. As towns began to grow and trade expanded during the late Middle Ages, the power of the lords started to wane. The rise of a merchant class and the increasing importance of money changed the dynamics of land ownership and social status. Many peasants sought to improve their conditions by moving to towns, where they could find work and potentially gain independence from the oppressive seignorial obligations. The decline of the seignorial system marked a significant turning point in European history. It paved the way for the emergence of modern nation-states and the development of new economic systems based on capitalism. The transition from feudalism to a more market-oriented economy brought about profound changes in social structures and relationships. People began to value individual rights and personal freedoms over the traditional loyalties that had defined the seignorial era. In conclusion, the seignorial system played a crucial role in shaping medieval society and its economic structures. Understanding this term allows us to appreciate the complexities of feudal relationships and the historical context in which they existed. As we reflect on the impact of the seignorial system, we can see how it laid the groundwork for the societal transformations that followed, ultimately leading to the modern world we live in today.

在中世纪历史的背景下，术语seignorial指的是在封建社会中普遍存在的土地所有权和治理体系。该体系的特点是领主与其附庸之间的关系，领主拥有大片土地，并将其土地的一部分授予附庸，以换取军事服务和忠诚。seignorial制度不仅涉及土地；它还包括各种权利和义务，这些权利和义务定义了当时的社会结构。 seignorial制度的本质在于它创造的权力动态。领主对他们的土地及其上生活的农民拥有显著的权威。他们可以征税、执行法律，并要求从在其土地上工作的农奴那里获得一部分农业产品。作为回报，领主有责任提供保护并维护其领土内的秩序。这种互惠关系对于中世纪社会的运作至关重要。 seignorial制度的一个关键特征是庄园制的概念，它描述了封建主义的经济方面。庄园是生产的基本单位，除了领主的住所外，还包括周围的土地和村庄。农民通常被束缚于土地，辛勤工作以耕种庄稼和照料牲畜。他们的劳动对于庄园的生存以及领主的财富和权力至关重要。这种制度创造了一个严格的社会等级，领主位于顶端，而农奴则位于底部。 然而，seignorial制度并非没有挑战。随着城市的增长和贸易的扩展，领主的权力在中世纪晚期开始减弱。商人阶级的崛起和货币的重要性改变了土地所有权和社会地位的动态。许多农民试图通过迁往城市来改善自己的处境，在那里他们可以找到工作，并可能摆脱压迫性的seignorial义务。 seignorial制度的衰退标志着欧洲历史上的一个重要转折点。它为现代民族国家的出现和基于资本主义的新经济体系的发展铺平了道路。从封建主义向更市场导向的经济的过渡带来了社会结构和关系的深刻变化。人们开始重视个人权利和个人自由，而不是定义seignorial时代的传统忠诚。 总之，seignorial制度在塑造中世纪社会及其经济结构方面发挥了至关重要的作用。理解这个术语使我们能够欣赏封建关系的复杂性以及它们存在的历史背景。当我们反思seignorial制度的影响时，我们可以看到它为随之而来的社会转型奠定了基础，最终导致了我们今天所生活的现代世界。