serf

简明释义

英[sɜːf]美[sɜːrf]

n. 农奴；奴隶；被压迫者

复 数 s e r f s

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.The best way to get rid of a negative serf-image is to…

都是说明如何肯定的自我形象的。

2.The serf was beaten up by her owner and passed out for two hours.

这位农奴挨农奴主毒打，昏迷了两个小时。

3.Studying the documents on wooden tablets, unearthed in Niya Ruins, relating to agriculture, this paper reveals the land ownership of the serf system in the Jinjue State.

通过对尼雅遗址出土的亻去卢文简牍中相关农业经济方面文书的研究，揭示出农奴社会制度下的精绝国土地所有制之形态。

4.The cruel serf-owner put out the serf's eyes.

残忍的农奴主挖掉了农奴的眼睛。

5.The serf - owners had the right to beat, abuse or even kill the serfs at will.

(那时)农奴主有权任意打骂甚至杀害农奴。

6.Such unpaid labor constituted the rent they paid to serf owners.

这些无偿的劳动，就是缴纳给农奴主的劳役地租。

7.The serf wore the blue coat, which was the customary garb of serving-men at that period, and long before, in the old hereditary halls of England.

那奴仆按照当时和早先英国世袭击宅中仆人的习惯装束，穿着一件蓝色号衣。

8.In medieval Europe, a serf 农奴 was bound to the land and could not leave without the lord's permission.

在中世纪欧洲，农奴 serf 被束缚于土地，未经领主的允许不得离开。

9.The life of a serf 农奴 was often harsh, with little freedom or rights.

农奴的生活往往很艰辛，几乎没有自由或权利。

10.Many serfs 农奴 worked long hours in the fields for their lords.

许多农奴为他们的领主在田地里工作长时间。

11.A serf 农奴 had to give a portion of their harvest to their lord as rent.

农奴必须将他们收成的一部分作为租金交给他们的领主。

12.Historically, serfs 农奴 were considered property of the landowners.

历史上，农奴被视为土地所有者的财产。

作文

Throughout history, the concept of a serf (农奴) has played a crucial role in shaping social and economic structures, particularly during the feudal era in Europe. A serf was not just a laborer; they were bound to the land and subject to the will of their lord. This relationship was characterized by a lack of freedom, as serfs were required to work the land and provide various services in exchange for protection and the right to live on that land. The life of a serf was often harsh, filled with hard labor and limited rights, which made it a challenging existence. In many cases, serfs were born into their status, unable to escape the cycle of servitude that defined their lives. Their obligations included working the lord's fields, maintaining the estate, and paying rents or taxes, often in the form of crops or labor. Despite this, serfs did have certain privileges; they could own personal property, marry, and sometimes even buy their freedom, although these opportunities were rare. The decline of the serf system began in the late Middle Ages as economic and social changes took place. The rise of towns and trade created new opportunities for individuals to earn a living outside of agriculture, leading many to seek better prospects away from the land where they had been tied. As a result, the rigid structure of feudalism began to weaken, and with it, the institution of serfdom. The transition from serf to free peasant was not uniform across Europe, as different regions experienced varying degrees of change. In some areas, serfs were emancipated through reform movements, while in others, they continued to face restrictions long after the feudal system had collapsed. This gradual shift highlighted the complexities of social mobility and the struggle for individual rights. Understanding the historical context of serfs allows us to appreciate the broader implications of their existence. The legacy of serfdom can still be seen today in discussions about labor rights, economic inequality, and social justice. By examining the lives of serfs, we gain insight into the human condition and the ongoing quest for freedom and dignity. In conclusion, the term serf (农奴) encapsulates a significant aspect of our history, reminding us of the struggles faced by those who lived under oppressive systems. As we reflect on the past, it is essential to recognize the evolution of societal structures and the importance of advocating for the rights of all individuals, ensuring that history does not repeat itself. The story of the serf is not merely one of hardship but also of resilience and the enduring human spirit that strives for liberation and equality.

在历史上，serf（农奴）的概念在塑造社会和经济结构方面发挥了至关重要的作用，特别是在欧洲的封建时代。serf不仅仅是劳动者；他们被束缚在土地上，受制于他们的领主。这种关系的特点是缺乏自由，因为serf必须耕作土地并提供各种服务，以换取保护和在该土地上生活的权利。serf的生活往往是艰苦的，充满了辛勤的劳动和有限的权利，这使得他们的存在充满挑战。 在许多情况下，serf是出生在这种身份中，无法逃脱定义他们生活的奴役循环。他们的义务包括在领主的田地上工作、维护庄园，并支付租金或税收，通常以农作物或劳动的形式。尽管如此，serf确实享有某些特权；他们可以拥有个人财产、结婚，有时甚至可以购买自己的自由，尽管这些机会很少。 serf制度的衰退始于中世纪晚期，随着经济和社会变化的发生。城镇和贸易的兴起为个人创造了在农业之外谋生的新机会，导致许多人寻求更好的前景，远离他们被束缚的土地。因此，封建制度的僵化结构开始减弱，随之而来的是serfdom制度。 从serf到自由农民的转变并不是在整个欧洲都统一进行的，因为不同地区经历了不同程度的变化。在某些地区，serf通过改革运动获得解放，而在其他地方，即使封建制度崩溃后，他们仍然面临限制。这种渐进的变化突显了社会流动性的复杂性和争取个人权利的斗争。 理解serf的历史背景使我们能够欣赏其存在的更广泛影响。serfdom的遗产今天仍然可以在关于劳动权利、经济不平等和社会正义的讨论中看到。通过研究serf的生活，我们获得了对人类状况的洞察，以及对自由和尊严的持续追求。 总之，术语serf（农奴）概括了我们历史上的一个重要方面，提醒我们那些生活在压迫系统下的人所面临的斗争。当我们反思过去时，认识到社会结构的演变和倡导所有个人权利的重要性是至关重要的，确保历史不会重演。serf的故事不仅仅是艰辛的故事，也是韧性和持久的人类精神追求解放与平等的故事。