utilitarian

简明释义

英[ˌjuːtɪlɪˈteəriən]美[ˌjutɪlɪˈterɪən]

adj. 功利主义的，实利主义的；功利的，实用的

n. 功利主义者

英英释义

单词用法

同义词

反义词

例句

1.Monolithic and utilitarian, they rarely offer more than the necessary housing of cars for other more aesthetic structures.

他们往往宽大而偏重实用性，只为车辆提供必要的停放空间而不过多考虑审美需要。

2.One of the classic techniques used to measure a person’s willingness to behave in a utilitarian way is known as trolleyology.

“失控电车困境”是公认的经典方法，用来判断一个人是否乐意根据功利主义原则做决定。

3.Offer “flow opportunities” plus utilitarian features like one-click buying, intuitivesearches, and customized pages.

提供“进入‘心流’机会”有效实用性，如一键购买、直观搜索和定制页面。

4.It was James Mill who was the best publicist for utilitarian ideas on government.

詹姆斯·米尔才是政府功利主义思想的最佳宣传家。

5.The undead also serve as a wonderfully utilitarian cultural symbol.

不死人也是一个非常实用的文化象征。

6.Early in the Uruk period, the use of undecorated utilitarian pottery was probably the result of specialized mass production.

早在乌鲁克时期，使用未经装饰的实用陶器可能是专业化大规模生产的结果。

7.The design of this chair is very utilitarian, focusing on comfort and function rather than aesthetics.

这把椅子的设计非常实用主义的，注重舒适性和功能性，而不是美观。

8.Many people prefer utilitarian clothing for outdoor activities because it is durable and functional.

许多人喜欢户外活动的实用主义的服装，因为它耐用且功能性强。

9.The utilitarian approach to education emphasizes practical skills over theoretical knowledge.

教育的实用主义的方法强调实际技能而非理论知识。

10.In architecture, a utilitarian style often results in buildings that prioritize utility over beauty.

在建筑中，实用主义的风格通常导致建筑优先考虑实用性而非美观。

11.Her utilitarian mindset helped her make decisions that were beneficial in the long run.

她的实用主义的思维方式帮助她做出长期有利的决策。

作文

The concept of utilitarian (功利主义的) philosophy has been a significant influence in various fields, from ethics to design. At its core, utilitarian theory emphasizes the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people. This principle has shaped many societal norms and policies, guiding decisions that prioritize collective well-being over individual desires. In ethical discussions, the utilitarian approach often comes into play when evaluating the morality of actions based on their consequences. For instance, consider a scenario where a government must decide whether to implement a new policy that benefits the majority but may cause harm to a minority. A utilitarian perspective would advocate for the policy if it leads to a net increase in happiness or welfare for the larger population, despite the negative impact on a smaller group. This practical approach can be both praised and criticized; while it promotes efficiency and overall happiness, it may also overlook the rights and dignity of individuals. Beyond ethics, the utilitarian philosophy is evident in design and architecture as well. Many modern buildings and products are created with a utilitarian mindset, focusing on functionality and practicality rather than ornate aesthetics. For example, a chair designed with comfort and support in mind exemplifies utilitarian principles. It serves its purpose effectively, providing a place to sit without unnecessary embellishments. This focus on functionality can lead to innovative solutions that address real-world problems, such as affordable housing or efficient public transportation systems. However, the utilitarian approach is not without its limitations. Critics argue that an excessive focus on utility can lead to a neglect of beauty, creativity, and individual expression. In art and culture, for example, the pursuit of utilitarian values might stifle artistic innovation, as creators may feel pressured to produce work that is merely functional rather than expressive or thought-provoking. This tension highlights the need for balance between utilitarian principles and the appreciation of aesthetic value. Moreover, the application of utilitarian ideas in social policies can sometimes result in unintended consequences. When policymakers prioritize the majority's needs, they may inadvertently perpetuate inequalities or marginalize vulnerable groups. Therefore, while utilitarian thinking can guide effective decision-making, it is essential to incorporate other ethical considerations to ensure that all voices are heard and respected. In conclusion, the utilitarian (功利主义的) philosophy offers valuable insights across various domains, advocating for the maximization of happiness and efficiency. Its influence can be seen in ethical debates, design practices, and social policies. However, it is crucial to recognize its limitations and strive for a more holistic approach that values both utility and individual rights. By understanding the nuances of utilitarian principles, we can better navigate the complexities of modern life, ensuring that our actions contribute positively to society as a whole.

功利主义的哲学概念在各个领域都产生了重要影响，从伦理学到设计。其核心思想是强调最大多数人的最大幸福。这一原则塑造了许多社会规范和政策，引导着优先考虑集体福祉而非个人欲望的决策。 在伦理讨论中，utilitarian方法通常在评估基于结果的行为道德时发挥作用。例如，考虑一个政府必须决定是否实施一项惠及大多数人的新政策，但可能对少数人造成伤害的情景。从utilitarian的角度来看，如果该政策能为更大的人群带来净幸福或福利的增加，则会倡导这一政策，尽管它对小群体造成了负面影响。这种实用的方法既受到赞扬，也受到批评；虽然它促进了效率和整体幸福，但也可能忽视个人的权利和尊严。 除了伦理学，utilitarian哲学在设计和建筑中也显而易见。许多现代建筑和产品都是以utilitarian的思维方式创建的，专注于功能性和实用性，而非华丽的美学。例如，一把以舒适和支撑为设计理念的椅子就体现了utilitarian原则。它有效地发挥其作用，提供一个坐的地方，而没有不必要的装饰。这种对功能性的关注可以导致创新解决方案，解决诸如经济适用房或高效公共交通系统等现实问题。 然而，utilitarian方法并非没有局限性。批评者认为，过分关注效用可能导致对美、创造力和个体表达的忽视。在艺术和文化中，例如，追求utilitarian价值可能会抑制艺术创新，因为创作者可能会感到被迫生产仅仅是功能性的作品，而不是表现性或引发思考的作品。这种紧张关系突显了在utilitarian原则与对审美价值的欣赏之间取得平衡的必要性。 此外，在社会政策中应用utilitarian思想有时会导致意想不到的后果。当政策制定者优先考虑大多数人的需求时，他们可能无意中加剧不平等或边缘化弱势群体。因此，虽然utilitarian思维可以指导有效的决策，但结合其他伦理考虑以确保所有声音都被倾听和尊重是至关重要的。 总之，utilitarian（功利主义的）哲学在各个领域提供了宝贵的见解，倡导最大化幸福和效率。它的影响可以在伦理辩论、设计实践和社会政策中看到。然而，重要的是要认识到其局限性，并努力追求一种更全面的方法，既重视效用又重视个人权利。通过理解utilitarian原则的细微差别，我们可以更好地应对现代生活的复杂性，确保我们的行动对整个社会产生积极影响。